Release Date: December 28, 2009
The Federal Reserve Board on Monday proposed amendments to Regulation D (Reserve Requirements of Depository Institutions) that would enable the establishment of a term deposit facility.
Under the proposal, the Federal Reserve Banks would offer interest-bearing term deposits to eligible institutions through an auction mechanism. Term deposits would be one of several tools that the Federal Reserve could employ to drain reserves to support the effective implementation of monetary policy.
This proposal is one component of a process of prudent planning on the part of the Federal Reserve and has no implications for monetary policy decisions in the near term.
Public comments will be accepted on the proposal for 30 days after publication in the Federal Register, which is expected shortly. The Federal Register notice is attached.
The Federal Reserve prepares these monthly reports as part of its efforts to enhance transparency in connection with its various programs to foster market liquidity and financial stability and to ensure appropriate accountability to the Congress and the public concerning policy actions taken to address the financial crisis. The reports provide detailed information on the new policy tools that have been implemented since the summer of 2007.
The Federal Reserve files these reports with Congress pursuant to section 129(b) of the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008. The reports provide updates concerning the lending facilities established by the Board under section 13(3) of the Federal Reserve Act that are currently outstanding. In October 2009, the Board began to incorporate these reports into its monthly report on "Credit and Liquidity Programs and the Balance Sheet."
Regular Updates
AIG
Bank of America
Bear Stearns
Citigroup
Funding Facilities
Release Date: December 16, 2009
Information received since the Federal Open Market Committee met in November suggests that economic activity has continued to pick up and that the deterioration in the labor market is abating. The housing sector has shown some signs of improvement over recent months. Household spending appears to be expanding at a moderate rate, though it remains constrained by a weak labor market, modest income growth, lower housing wealth, and tight credit. Businesses are still cutting back on fixed investment, though at a slower pace, and remain reluctant to add to payrolls; they continue to make progress in bringing inventory stocks into better alignment with sales. Financial market conditions have become more supportive of economic growth. Although economic activity is likely to remain weak for a time, the Committee anticipates that policy actions to stabilize financial markets and institutions, fiscal and monetary stimulus, and market forces will contribute to a strengthening of economic growth and a gradual return to higher levels of resource utilization in a context of price stability.
With substantial resource slack likely to continue to dampen cost pressures and with longer-term inflation expectations stable, the Committee expects that inflation will remain subdued for some time.
The Committee will maintain the target range for the federal funds rate at 0 to 1/4 percent and continues to anticipate that economic conditions, including low rates of resource utilization, subdued inflation trends, and stable inflation expectations, are likely to warrant exceptionally low levels of the federal funds rate for an extended period. To provide support to mortgage lending and housing markets and to improve overall conditions in private credit markets, the Federal Reserve is in the process of purchasing $1.25 trillion of agency mortgage-backed securities and about $175 billion of agency debt. In order to promote a smooth transition in markets, the Committee is gradually slowing the pace of these purchases, and it anticipates that these transactions will be executed by the end of the first quarter of 2010. The Committee will continue to evaluate the timing and overall amounts of its purchases of securities in light of the evolving economic outlook and conditions in financial markets.
In light of ongoing improvements in the functioning of financial markets, the Committee and the Board of Governors anticipate that most of the Federal Reserve’s special liquidity facilities will expire on February 1, 2010, consistent with the Federal Reserve’s announcement of June 25, 2009. These facilities include the Asset-Backed Commercial Paper Money Market Mutual Fund Liquidity Facility, the Commercial Paper Funding Facility, the Primary Dealer Credit Facility, and the Term Securities Lending Facility. The Federal Reserve will also be working with its central bank counterparties to close its temporary liquidity swap arrangements by February 1. The Federal Reserve expects that amounts provided under the Term Auction Facility will continue to be scaled back in early 2010. The anticipated expiration dates for the Term Asset-Backed Securities Loan Facility remain set at June 30, 2010, for loans backed by new-issue commercial mortgage-backed securities and March 31, 2010, for loans backed by all other types of collateral. The Federal Reserve is prepared to modify these plans if necessary to support financial stability and economic growth.
Voting for the FOMC monetary policy action were: Ben S. Bernanke, Chairman; William C. Dudley, Vice Chairman; Elizabeth A. Duke; Charles L. Evans; Donald L. Kohn; Jeffrey M. Lacker; Dennis P. Lockhart; Daniel K. Tarullo; Kevin M. Warsh; and Janet L. Yellen.
Release Date: December 14, 2009
On December 14, 2009, the Federal Reserve will offer $75 billion in 28-day credit through its Term Auction Facility. Additional information regarding the auction is listed below; the auction will be conducted as specified in this announcement, Regulation A, and the terms and conditions of the Term Auction Facility (www.federalreserve.gov/monetarypolicy/taf.htm).
Description of Offering and Auction Parameters
| Offering Amount: | $75 billion |
| Term: | 28-day loan |
| Bid Submission Date: | December 14, 2009 |
| Opening Time: | 11:00 a.m. EST |
| Closing Time: | 12:30 p.m. EST |
| Notification Date: | December 15, 2009 |
| Settlement Date: | December 17, 2009 |
| Maturity Date: | January 14, 2010 |
| Minimum Bid Amount (per bid): | $5 million |
| Bid Increment: | $100,000 |
| Maximum Bid Amount (per institution): | $7.5 billion (10% of Offering Amount) |
| Minimum Bid Rate: | 0.25 percent |
| Incremental Bid Rate: | 0.001 percent |
| Minimum Award: | $10,000 |
| Maximum Award: | $7.5 billion (10% of Offering Amount) |
Submission of Bids
Participants must submit bids by phone to their local Reserve Bank between the opening time and closing time on the bid submission date.
Notification
Summary auction results will be published on the website of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (www.federalreserve.gov/monetarypolicy/taf.htm) at approximately 10:00 a.m. EST on the notification date. Between 10:00 a.m. and 11:30 a.m. EST on the notification date, Reserve Banks will notify individual institutions in their districts that have submitted winning bids of their awards. Participants have until 12:30 p.m. EST on the notification date to inform their local Reserve Bank of any error.
Rounding Convention
Pro rata awards will be rounded to multiples of $10,000. Normal rounding convention will be used, except that awards under $10,000 will be rounded to $10,000.
The Department of the Treasury and the Federal Reserve Board on Friday announced the release of a joint final rule to extend the compliance date for their joint regulation implementing certain provisions of the Unlawful Internet Gambling Enforcement Act by six months to June 1, 2010.
The Federal Register notice regarding the extension of the compliance date is attached.
Media Contacts:
Release Date: November 30, 2009
On November 30, 2009, the Federal Reserve will offer $25 billion in 42-day credit through its Term Auction Facility. Additional information regarding the auction is listed below; the auction will be conducted as specified in this announcement, Regulation A, and the terms and conditions of the Term Auction Facility (www.federalreserve.gov/monetarypolicy/taf.htm).
Description of Offering and Auction Parameters
| Offering Amount: | $25 billion |
| Term: | 42-day loan |
| Bid Submission Date: | November 30, 2009 |
| Opening Time: | 11:00 a.m. EST |
| Closing Time: | 12:30 p.m. EST |
| Notification Date: | December 1, 2009 |
| Settlement Date: | December 3, 2009 |
| Maturity Date: | January 14, 2010 |
| Minimum Bid Amount (per bid): | $5 million |
| Bid Increment: | $100,000 |
| Maximum Bid Amount (per institution): | $2.5 billion (10% of Offering Amount) |
| Minimum Bid Rate: | 0.25 percent |
| Incremental Bid Rate: | 0.001 percent |
| Minimum Award: | $10,000 |
| Maximum Award: | $2.5 billion (10% of Offering Amount) |
Submission of Bids
Participants must submit bids by phone to their local Reserve Bank between the opening time and closing time on the bid submission date.
Notification
Summary auction results will be published on the website of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (www.federalreserve.gov/monetarypolicy/taf.htm) at approximately 10:00 a.m. EST on the notification date. Between 10:00 a.m. and 11:30 a.m. EST on the notification date, Reserve Banks will notify individual institutions in their districts that have submitted winning bids of their awards. Participants have until 12:30 p.m. EST on the notification date to inform their local Reserve Bank of any error.
Rounding Convention
Pro rata awards will be rounded to multiples of $10,000. Normal rounding convention will be used, except that awards under $10,000 will be rounded to $10,000.
Release Date: November 24, 2009
The Federal Reserve Board and the Federal Open Market Committee on Tuesday released the attached minutes of the Committee meeting held on November 3-4, 2009. A summary of economic projections made by Federal Reserve Board members and Reserve Bank presidents for the November 3-4, 2009 meeting is also included as an addendum to these minutes.
The minutes for each regularly scheduled meeting of the Committee ordinarily are made available three weeks after the day of the policy decision and subsequently are published in the Board's Annual Report. Summaries of economic projections are released on an approximately quarterly schedule. The descriptions of economic and financial conditions contained in these minutes and in the Summary of Economic Projections are based solely on the information that was available to the Committee at the time of the meeting.
The FOMC minutes can be viewed on the Board's website at http://www.federalreserve.gov/monetarypolicy/fomccalendars.htm.
Minutes of Federal Open Market Committee
November 3-4, 2009: 336 KB PDF | HTML
Release Date: November 9, 2009
The Federal Reserve Board on Monday said that 9 of the 10 Bank Holding Companies (BHCs) that were determined in the Supervisory Capital Assessment Program (SCAP) earlier this year to need to raise capital or improve the quality of their capital to withstand a worse-than-expected economic scenario now have increased their capital sufficiently to meet or exceed their required capital buffers. The one exception, GMAC, is expected to meet its remaining buffer need by accessing the TARP Automotive Industry Financing Program, and is in discussions with the U.S. Treasury on the structure of its investment. In the SCAP, it was determined that these BHCs needed to augment their capital by $74.6 billion, almost all in the form of common or contingent common capital, by November 9.1 These 10 BHCs took the following capital actions:
Some firms also increased capital through other actions, including reduced dividend payments, issuance of common shares to employee stock ownership plans, and larger-than-anticipated pre-provision net revenue, to meet their required buffers. As a result of all these actions, Tier 1 Common equity increased by more than $77 billion at the 10 firms.2
Led by the Federal Reserve, supervisors, economists, and analysts who conducted the SCAP assessed the amount of capital needed by the 19 largest bank holding companies to withstand greater-than-expected losses and still remain sufficiently capitalized through 2010 to be able to meet the needs of their creditworthy borrowers. The release of the assessment results provided important information about the condition of major U.S. financial institutions during a period of high stress and uncertainty, and helped to increase public confidence in the banking system.
1. Federal Reserve, "The Supervisory Capital Assessment Program: Overview of Results (333 KB PDF)," May 7, 2009. Return to text
2. Tier 1 capital, as defined in the Board's Risk-Based Capital Adequacy Guidelines, is composed of common and non-common equity elements, some of which are subject to limits on their inclusion in Tier 1 capital. See 12 CFR part 225, Appendix A, Section 11.A.1. Return to text
Release Date: November 4, 2009
Information received since the Federal Open Market Committee met in September suggests that economic activity has continued to pick up. Conditions in financial markets were roughly unchanged, on balance, over the intermeeting period. Activity in the housing sector has increased over recent months. Household spending appears to be expanding but remains constrained by ongoing job losses, sluggish income growth, lower housing wealth, and tight credit. Businesses are still cutting back on fixed investment and staffing, though at a slower pace; they continue to make progress in bringing inventory stocks into better alignment with sales. Although economic activity is likely to remain weak for a time, the Committee anticipates that policy actions to stabilize financial markets and institutions, fiscal and monetary stimulus, and market forces will support a strengthening of economic growth and a gradual return to higher levels of resource utilization in a context of price stability.
With substantial resource slack likely to continue to dampen cost pressures and with longer-term inflation expectations stable, the Committee expects that inflation will remain subdued for some time.
In these circumstances, the Federal Reserve will continue to employ a wide range of tools to promote economic recovery and to preserve price stability. The Committee will maintain the target range for the federal funds rate at 0 to 1/4 percent and continues to anticipate that economic conditions, including low rates of resource utilization, subdued inflation trends, and stable inflation expectations, are likely to warrant exceptionally low levels of the federal funds rate for an extended period. To provide support to mortgage lending and housing markets and to improve overall conditions in private credit markets, the Federal Reserve will purchase a total of $1.25 trillion of agency mortgage-backed securities and about $175 billion of agency debt. The amount of agency debt purchases, while somewhat less than the previously announced maximum of $200 billion, is consistent with the recent path of purchases and reflects the limited availability of agency debt. In order to promote a smooth transition in markets, the Committee will gradually slow the pace of its purchases of both agency debt and agency mortgage-backed securities and anticipates that these transactions will be executed by the end of the first quarter of 2010. The Committee will continue to evaluate the timing and overall amounts of its purchases of securities in light of the evolving economic outlook and conditions in financial markets. The Federal Reserve is monitoring the size and composition of its balance sheet and will make adjustments to its credit and liquidity programs as warranted.
Voting for the FOMC monetary policy action were: Ben S. Bernanke, Chairman; William C. Dudley, Vice Chairman; Elizabeth A. Duke; Charles L. Evans; Donald L. Kohn; Jeffrey M. Lacker; Dennis P. Lockhart; Daniel K. Tarullo; Kevin M. Warsh; and Janet L. Yellen.
Release Date: November 9, 2009
The Federal Reserve Board on Monday said that 9 of the 10 Bank Holding Companies (BHCs) that were determined in the Supervisory Capital Assessment Program (SCAP) earlier this year to need to raise capital or improve the quality of their capital to withstand a worse-than-expected economic scenario now have increased their capital sufficiently to meet or exceed their required capital buffers. The one exception, GMAC, is expected to meet its remaining buffer need by accessing the TARP Automotive Industry Financing Program, and is in discussions with the U.S. Treasury on the structure of its investment. In the SCAP, it was determined that these BHCs needed to augment their capital by $74.6 billion, almost all in the form of common or contingent common capital, by November 9.1 These 10 BHCs took the following capital actions:
Some firms also increased capital through other actions, including reduced dividend payments, issuance of common shares to employee stock ownership plans, and larger-than-anticipated pre-provision net revenue, to meet their required buffers. As a result of all these actions, Tier 1 Common equity increased by more than $77 billion at the 10 firms.2
Led by the Federal Reserve, supervisors, economists, and analysts who conducted the SCAP assessed the amount of capital needed by the 19 largest bank holding companies to withstand greater-than-expected losses and still remain sufficiently capitalized through 2010 to be able to meet the needs of their creditworthy borrowers. The release of the assessment results provided important information about the condition of major U.S. financial institutions during a period of high stress and uncertainty, and helped to increase public confidence in the banking system.
1. Federal Reserve, "The Supervisory Capital Assessment Program: Overview of Results (333 KB PDF)," May 7, 2009. Return to text
2. Tier 1 capital, as defined in the Board's Risk-Based Capital Adequacy Guidelines, is composed of common and non-common equity elements, some of which are subject to limits on their inclusion in Tier 1 capital. See 12 CFR part 225, Appendix A, Section 11.A.1. Return to text
Release Date: October 29, 2009
The Federal Reserve Board on Thursday announced the execution of a Written Agreement by and among West Tennessee Bancshares, Inc., a registered bank holding company, Bank of Bartlett, a state chartered member bank, both of Bartlett, Tennessee, and the Federal Reserve Bank of Saint Louis.
A copy of the Written Agreement is attached.
Release Date: October 30, 2009
The Federal Reserve Board announced Friday that a temporary exemption to the limitations in section 23A of the Federal Reserve Act, instituted as part of the response to the financial crisis, will expire as scheduled on October 30, 2009.
The exemption, which was subject to various conditions to promote safety and soundness, allowed all insured depository institutions to provide liquidity to their affiliates for assets typically funded in the tri-party repo market. It was originally approved on September 14, 2008, and was extended on January 30, 2009.
Since the approval of the extension in January, the functioning of the tri-party repo market has improved considerably.
Release Date: October 30, 2009
The Federal Reserve on Friday adopted a policy statement supporting prudent commercial real estate (CRE) loan workouts. This policy statement, adopted by each of the financial regulators,1 provides guidance for examiners, and for financial institutions that are working with CRE borrowers who are experiencing diminished operating cash flows, depreciated collateral values, or prolonged delays in selling or renting commercial properties. The financial regulators recognize that prudent loan workouts are often in the best interest of both financial institutions and borrowers, particularly during difficult economic conditions. This policy statement details risk-management practices for loan workouts that support prudent and pragmatic credit and business decisionmaking within the framework of financial accuracy, transparency, and timely loss recognition.
Financial institutions that implement prudent loan workout arrangements after performing comprehensive reviews of borrowers' financial conditions will not be subject to criticism for engaging in these efforts, even if the restructured loans have weaknesses that result in adverse credit classifications. In addition, performing loans, including those renewed or restructured on reasonable modified terms, made to creditworthy borrowers, will not be subject to adverse classification solely because the value of the underlying collateral declined.
The policy statement includes examples of CRE loan workouts. The examples, provided for illustrative purposes only, reflect examiners' analytical processes for credit classifications and assessments of institutions' accounting and reporting treatments for restructured loans. The policy statement reiterates existing guidance that examiners are expected to take a balanced approach in assessing institutions’ risk-management practices for loan workout activities.
Footnotes
1.The financial regulators consist of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the National Credit Union Administration, the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, the Office of Thrift Supervision, and the FFIEC State Liaison Committee. Return to text
Release Date: October 22, 2009
The Federal Reserve Board on Thursday issued a proposal designed to ensure that the incentive compensation policies of banking organizations do not undermine the safety and soundness of their organizations.
The proposal includes two supervisory initiatives. One, applicable to 28 large, complex banking organizations, will review each firm's policies and practices to determine their consistency with the principles for risk-appropriate incentive compensation set forth in the proposal. These firm-specific policies will be assessed by supervisors in a special "horizontal review," a coordinated examination of practices at the 28 firms. The policies and implementing practices adopted by these firms in response to the final supervisory principles will become a part of the supervisory expectations for each firm and will be monitored for compliance.
Second, supervisors will review compensation practices at regional, community, and other banking organizations not classified as large and complex as part of the regular, risk-focused examination process. These reviews will be tailored to take account of the size, complexity, and other characteristics of the banking organization.
"Compensation practices at some banking organizations have led to misaligned incentives and excessive risk-taking, contributing to bank losses and financial instability," Federal Reserve Chairman Ben S. Bernanke said. "The Federal Reserve is working to ensure that compensation packages appropriately tie rewards to longer-term performance and do not create undue risk for the firm or the financial system."
Federal Reserve Governor Daniel K. Tarullo noted that the proposal on compensation practices is an important part of the Federal Reserve's ongoing effort to improve financial regulation.
"Today's proposal is but one part of a broad program by the Federal Reserve to strengthen supervision of banks and bank holding companies in the wake of the financial crisis," Tarullo said. "In customizing the implementation of our compensation principles to the specific activities and risks of banking organizations, we advance our goal of an effective, efficient regulatory system."
Flaws in incentive compensation practices were one of many factors contributing to the financial crisis. Inappropriate bonus or other compensation practices can incent senior executives or lower level employees, such as traders or mortgage officers, to take imprudent risks that significantly and adversely affect the firm. With that in mind, the Federal Reserve's guidance and supervisory reviews cover all employees who have the ability to materially affect the risk profile of an organization, either individually, or as part of a group.
The findings from these reviews will be incorporated into the banking organization's supervisory ratings. In appropriate circumstances, the Federal Reserve may require an organization to develop a corrective action plan to rectify deficiencies in its incentive compensation programs and processes.
To monitor and encourage improvements, Federal Reserve staff will prepare a report after the conclusion of 2010 on trends and developments in compensation practices at banking organizations.
Comments will be accepted on the proposed guidance for 30 days after publication in the Federal Register, which is expected shortly. The Federal Register notice is attached.
Federal Reserve System Monthly Reports on Credit and Liquidity Programs and the Balance Sheet
The Federal Reserve prepares these monthly reports as part of its efforts to enhance transparency in connection with its various programs to foster market liquidity and financial stability and to ensure appropriate accountability to the Congress and the public concerning policy actions taken to address the financial crisis. The reports provide detailed information on the new policy tools that have been implemented since the summer of 2007.
The Federal Reserve files these reports with Congress pursuant to section 129(b) of the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008. The reports provide updates concerning the lending facilities established by the Board under section 13(3) of the Federal Reserve Act that are currently outstanding. In October 2009, the Board began to incorporate these reports into its monthly report on "Credit and Liquidity Programs and the Balance Sheet."
Regular Updates
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NEW RPUSA: IT’S NOT REALLY “OUR MONEY”!
25 OCTOBER 2009 ~ PROVIDED TO RPUSA STATE PARTY ORGANIZATIONS & ALLIES
SIC SEMPER TYRANNIS! ● ‘SPIRITUS MONTIUM’ ● JUSTITIA OMNIBUS!
“Reporting what others think…but won’t say publicly!”
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NEW RPUSA DECLARES IT’S NOT REALLY “OUR MONEY”!
A very easy and popular “mistake” being made by many folks these days when discussing the declining economy here in America, the vast corruption of Wall Street, and especially the downfall of the American Middle-Class via foreclosures and loss of employment, is to refer to Federal Reserve Notes (FRNs), currently in circulation as so-called “legal tender”, as “our money” – when in reality all FRNs are the private-property of the privately-owned Federal Reserve Bank (FRB), which in reality is the local branch office of the privately-owned Rothschild Bank of England! The actual “owners” of the so-called “money-in-circulation” are a consortium of nine international banking cartels. These “owners” of the FRB are as follows:
Those in control of Wall Street and hence the Government of the USA are these Israeli-Citizens:
See < http://iresist.com/ice/FedOwnership.htm >; < http://www.realjewnews.com/?p=177 >; &
< http://www.rense.com >!
The last time “our money” was in circulation was in 1963 when the $2 Bill was in circulation as a “ United States Note” (USN) via ExecOrder of John F. Kennedy – shortly before JFK was assassinated! The first ExecOrder signed by Lyndon B. Johnson (LBJ) upon returning to Washington, D.C., following the assassination of JFK in Dallas, TX, was to RESCIND BOTH the “Lincoln Silver Certificates”, as USNs, and the JFK “Two-Dollar Bills”, as USNs, and leave only FRNs in circulation as so-called, “legal tender”! The money of “We the People” has always been United States Notes (USNs) – when that money has been paper! At all other times, since 1913, paper-money is the private-property of the FRB when it declares on its face to be a FRN – and like most private-property, when RENTED, involves a surcharge/usury-tax – in this case the Income Tax of the IRS, the collection agency for the FRB! The “rental fee” for each FRN in circulation is for our individual use of THEIR private-property, as well as the collective use via the expenditures & appropriations made by Congress! The “rental fee” is taken out of paychecks each pay-period as well as on 15 April of each year – and it’s what constitutes the “national debt” – and IT CAN BE REPUDIATED BY A “REFORM” GOVERNMENT!
Now here’s an irony of the so-called “Wall Street Bailout” – the actual owners of the FRB are actually CREDITING & GIVING money to themselves – AND CHARGING INTEREST / USURY to the American Public at the same time! That’s why there is no oversight taking place – even after $2+ TRILLION has been distributed among themselves so far equaling $800K per/employee on Wall Street – this year alone! It costs 3¢ to print a $1 bill and 3¢ to print a $100 bill – so which do you think carries the highest interest/usury rate? Now consider that $10K = 100 / $100 bills a ½ inch thick; $1 MILLION = 100 packets of $10K; $100 Million = A full standard-size pallet; $1 BILLION = 10 standard-size pallets of $100 Million each; and $1 TRILLION = A football field of double-stacked standard-size pallets of $100 Million each! And we the “taxpayers” are being charged the Interest/Usury rate for each $100 bill in those double-stacked pallets on that football field! Is it time to repudiate the “national debt” – imprison and/or execute these thieves – and RESTORE THE U.S. Treasury Banking system, or what? See the “10 POINTS of REFORM for AMERICA ” at < www.rpnc.org >!
The NEW RPUSA believes that “Zionism” is as serious and as dangerous an alien belief NOW as was “Communism” during the Cold War Era! The manipulation, blackmail, intimidation and extortion placed upon our public officials, the media, and the population in general in the past six-decades since 1948 is a matter of public record all because foreign & domestic Zionists have exploited American generosity and bilked this nation of its Youth & Wealth to fight foreign wars in the Middle-East and elsewhere! Our political goal is to end this extortion once and for all time! The NEW RPUSA is the only political party in America that has stood up and identified our most serious ENEMY to date – and openly called for the elimination of ALL foreign aid to the Israeli Military Junta and an End to the Occupation of Palestine ! We oppose any more wars on their behalf – and we oppose any new wars they have planned for Iran !
ACADEMIA TAKES OFF GLOVES REGARDING “ZIONISM”!
Professor MacDonald on Taking the Gloves Off and Criticizing Jewish Extremism
“Talking with Jews (or not)”, by Dr. Kevin MacDonald, professor of psychology at California State University – Long Beach , California .
“A topic that is not discussed enough is the screaming, in-your-face, hostile aggression that people must withstand when they dare to trample on Jewish sensibilities. I am not talking about the sophisticated rationalization one sees in the op-ed pages of the mainstream media, or even the smear techniques of organizations like the ADL or the SPLC. We are talking about interpersonal aggression. There is something absolutely primal about it.
Now comes a refreshingly frank blog post by Karin Friedemann, an ethnically Jewish anti-Zionist. She notes the "violent intolerance" that defenders of Israel show towards people with different opinions:
American Jews are actually being trained since childhood to interact with non-Jews in a deceitful and arrogant manner, in coordination with each other, to emotionally destroy Gentiles and Israel critics in addition to wrecking their careers and interfering with their social relationships. This is actually deliberate, wicked, planned behavior motivated by a narcissistic self-righteous fury….
The problem is that Gentiles are taught through emotional pressure and violence via the media and the school system to be very sensitive to Jewish suffering so when a Zionist becomes outraged at them for challenging their world view, the Gentile really has to fight against his own inner self in a huge battle against his "inner Jew" making him feel inadequate and intimidated. But the Jew doesn't care how much he or she hurts others. Jews only care about what's good for the Jews. …
I once reduced a 50 year old man to hysterical sobbing tears because I told him gently and lovingly that Jews were not that unique. I just told him the Jews, like everyone else, have had good times and bad times. Times when they were slaughtered and other times when they slaughtered others. Just like everyone else. Guess what he did next. He emotionally abused me in an insulting way and then cut off all further communication. Jewish behavior is so predictable that it's truly scary. …
If you mention cutting off the money or if you mention the possible compromise of living with Palestinians as equals in one state they become very angry and start using bullying tactics, unless they have some reason to fear you, in which case they shun you and complain about you to the authorities, try to get you arrested or try and destroy your career or social status through character assassination. …
Zionists all believe in the myth of "1000 years of Jewish suffering" and feel that the world owes them compensation for their ancestors' "unique" suffering. It's a criminally insane viewpoint. They cope with the contradictions between their belief that they are the good guys and what Jews are actually doing to their neighbors, both in the Middle East and in the US , by developing mental health issues. Most Zionists are functional schizophrenics.
My take:
– These tactics are not restricted to critics of Zionism. As one who has experienced a barrage of hostile email from my faculty colleagues, I can certainly attest to this. A correspondent sent me the following recently:
I have encountered many liberal, politically correct Jews who react vociferously (almost violently) to the most innocuous comments about any topic related to Israel or Jews. One Jew upon my mentioning that my wife and I had been to Russia spent several minutes virtually frothing at the mouth about Russians. Another upon hearing me say I was sympathetic to the problems of the Palestinians demanded to know who I was and how dare I say such a thing. Often zero tolerance for any difference in opinion.
– The media constantly present images of Jewish suffering-most recently the endless glut of Holocaust movies. But the media ignore instances, such as the early decades of the USSR and now in Greater Israel, where Jews have inflicted horrible suffering. Right now I am reading E. Michael Jones' The Jewish Revolutionary Spirit and Its Effect on History. It is striking to read his account of Jewish violence against non-Jews in the ancient world, particularly the persecution of Christians whenever Jews had the power to do so. Long before Christians had any influence on Roman policy, Christians' complaints about Jews were not stereotypes based on historical memory but resulted from direct experience with Jews: "Origen understood that Jewish calumny helped to cause Christian persecution, and that Jewish hatred was a fact of life for the Christians, continuing unabated after the repeated defeats of Messianic politics" (i.e., the defeats of Jewish rebels at the hands of the Romans in 70 and 135 ad) (p. 69). This is the basis of my concern on what will happen to whites when Jews become part of a hostile elite in white-minority America .
– Non-Jews absorb these media images and as a result feel inadequate, emotionally intimidated. Eventually they identify with the aggressor, much like a browbeaten hostage or, as Friedemann suggests, an abused spouse. Or they maintain their friendships but studiously avoid talking about anything related to Israel . Non-Jews do the bidding of their "inner Jew" because they have internalized images of Jewish suffering. They therefore aid and abet Jewish brutality and aggression.
– Non-Jews who persist in criticizing the organized Jewish community are threatened with loss of livelihood and social ostracism. As I noted in a previous article the organized Jewish community does not believe in free speech. It is important to keep in mind that when Jews were dominant in the first decades of the Soviet Union , the government controlled the media, anti-Semitism was outlawed, and there was mass murder of Christians and the destruction of Christian churches and religious institutions.
As Friedemann notes, the situation is nothing less than a sign of serious mental health issues for the mainstream Jewish community: "Most Zionists are functional schizophrenics."
I think this is what happens when people who deal with Jewish issues finally realize that there is no hope for dialogue and begin to think of what to do next. Honest people finally realize that when it comes to critical issues like Israel and multicultural America , the divisions among Jews are an illusion. (Friedemann herself has renounced her Jewish identity.) As Friedemann's husband, Joachim Martillo, notes, "Jews, who want to be decent human beings, have no choice but to renounce being Jewish and serve the anti-Zionist struggle (right now)."
Exhibit A for this right now is the murderous Israeli invasion of Gaza . We know (see, for example, John Mearsheimer's article in The American Conservative) that this invasion occurred after a prolonged period when Israel restricted supplies into Gaza and then attacked tunnels between Gaza and Egypt . We know that the invasion was designed to "to inflict massive pain on the Palestinians so that they come to accept the fact that they are a defeated people and that Israel will be largely responsible for controlling their future."
The tone of Mearsheimer's article suggests a dramatic shift in attitude where the usual inhibitions on public discourse are finally beginning to fall, even for a respected academic:
There is … little chance that people around the world who follow the Israeli-Palestinian conflict will soon forget the appalling punishment that Israel is meting out in Gaza . … [D]iscourse about this longstanding conflict has undergone a sea change in the West in recent years, and many of us who were once wholly sympathetic to Israel now see that the Israelis are the victimizers and the Palestinians are the victims.
The gloves are coming off. This is what happens when smart and honest people who work hard to get the scholarship right are nevertheless smeared as anti-Semites guilty of the vilest misdeeds. Not surprisingly, Abe Foxman - a premier defender of the racial Zionist status quo in Israel - devoted an entire book to smearing Mearsheimer and Walt. Quite simply, there is no point to talking to such people or taking seriously what they say about us.
We know that the government of Israel is firmly in the hands of the racial Zionists - followers of Vladimir Jabotinsky and his view of the racial distinctiveness and superiority of the Jewish people. Indeed, the only question in the Israeli election is which brand of racial Zionism will form the next government. One knows that racial Zionism has completely won the day in Israel when Kadima - the party of Ariel Sharon, Ehud Olmert, Tzipi Livni and the Gaza invasion - is now described by Benjamin Netanyahu as the party of the left. (The LA Times dutifully calls it "centrist" but, as Israeli peace activist Uri Avnery writes, Livni "cries to high heaven against any dialogue with Hamas. She objects to a mutually agreed cease-fire. She tries to compete with Netanyahu and [Avignor] Liberman with unbridled nationalist messages.") Indeed, Netanyahu's only worry is that the openly racist Liberman - a disciple of the notorious Meir Kehane - will take away too many votes from Likud.
The situation is analogous to a US election where Pat Buchanan is the candidate of the far left. (I can dream.)
Avnery analogizes the election to a joke where a sergeant tells his men: "I have some good news and some bad news. The good news is that you are going to change your dirty socks. The bad news is that you are going to exchange them among yourselves."
Once again we see at work the general principle that within the Jewish community, the most extreme elements carry the day and pull the rest of the Jewish community with them. As I noted in "Zionism and the Internal Dynamics of Judaism," "over time, the more militant, expansionist Zionists (the Jabotinskyists, the Likud Party, fundamentalists, and West Bank settlers) have won the day and have continued to push for territorial expansion within Israel. This has led to conflicts with Palestinians and a widespread belief among Jews that Israel itself is threatened. The result has been a heightened group consciousness among Jews and ultimately support for Zionist extremism among the entire organized American Jewish community."
The fanatics keep pushing the envelop, forcing other Jews to either go along with their agenda or cease being part of the Jewish community. Ominously, if elected, Netanyahu promises that a top priority will be "harnessing the U.S. administration to stop the threat" of Iran 's nuclear program.
Incidentally, E. Michael Jones (The Jewish Revolutionary Spirit and Its Effect on History, p. 42ff) has expanded this argument to the ancient world. He shows how the Jewish community was pulled in the direction of fanaticism by the Zealots who expelled the followers of Jesus from the synagogue and adopted a disastrous path of revolution against Rome , leading ultimately to the defeats of 70 and 135 a.d.
A good example of the schizophrenia described by Friedemann comes from the fact that around 80% of American Jews voted for Obama but around the same percentage blames Hamas for the escalation of violence and believes that the Israeli response was "appropriate."
These results of the poll on the Gaza invasion were proudly announced by Abraham Foxman of the ADL, an organization that is one of the principal forces in promoting a post-European America . The Jewish left is a pillar of multi-cultural America but strongly supports racial Zionism in Israel .
This same schizophrenia was on display at a recent presentation at the Hammer Museum in Los Angeles by Chris Hedges and Mark Potok - he of the Southern Poverty Law Center. The program dealt with the usual bogey-men of the organized Jewish community: Christian fundamentalists, skinheads, David Duke, and (I am gratified to report) The Occidental Quarterly. In a comment on the alliance between Christian conservatives and Zionists, an audience member mentioned (to stifled applause) that "There are Jewish fascists." But the moderator, Ian Masters, saved the day when he stated that "the vast majority of American Jews are secular and liberal" - a comment that brought much applause, presumably because it reassured the many Jews in the audience that they weren't like THOSE Jews. For his part, Potok, that stalwart warrior against white America, expressed his support for what he sees as a beleaguered Israel on the verge of apocalypse at the hands of the Arabs. Schizophrenia indeed.
The politicians who are running Israel are, if anything, more racialist and nationalist than anything even remotely on the horizon in American or European politics. As Avnery notes:
In every other country, Liberman's program would be called fascist, without quotation marks. Nowhere in the Western world is there a large party that would dare to advance such a demand [to annul the citizenship of Arabs]. The neo-fascists in Switzerland and Holland want to expel foreigners, not to annul the citizenship of the native-born. …
When Joerg Haider was taken into the Austrian cabinet, Israel recalled its ambassador from Vienna in protest. But compared to Liberman, Haider was a raving liberal, and so is Jean-Marie le Pen. Now Netanyahu has announced that Liberman will be "an important minister" in his government, Livni has hinted that he will be in her government, too, and Barak has not excluded that possibility.
The optimistic version says that Liberman will prove to be a passing curiosity. … There is also a pessimistic version: Fascism has become a serious player in the Israeli public domain. The three main parties have now legitimized it. This phenomenon must be stopped before it is too late.
So I have a suggestion for the Foxmans, the Potoks, the neoconservatives, and the secular Jewish liberals of the world: If you want to fight racism and ethnic nationalism, start in your own backyard. And my suggestion for the rest of us is to get rid of what Friedemann calls the "inner Jew." I know it's hard to do. But once you tune out the screaming hostility (and assuming you don't fear losing your job), it's easy. Just don't expect a pleasant or rational conversation.”
02 October 2009 < http://www.theoccidentalobserver.net/articles/MacDonald-talk.html >.
BY ALL MEANS – SEE & DO THE FOLLOWING….it’s time!
See theses documentaries by Michael Moore: “Fahrenheit 9/11”; “SICKO”; and “Capitalism: A Love Story”! Visit < FirearmsFreedomAct.org > and assist the efforts in your respective State towards Taking America Back! And Join the National March Against the Wars in Afghanistan , Iraq , Pakistan , Palestine & the one being planned for Iran – to take place on 20 MARCH 2010 in Washington , D.C. , and major cities in America & around the world – sponsored by the A.N.S.W.E.R. Coalition < http://www.answercoalition.org/ >! The NEW RPUSA has been a proud co-sponsor and participant in each Antiwar event since 2002!
Meanwhile Keep The Faith! Keep to the Codes: O.R.I.O.N. / RAHOWA / 14/88 / 33/6! (Die Endlösung!) & Valhalla ♦♦♦ < http://www.americanresistancetv.com/ > ♦♦♦ And Pray that Our Creator sends us another Prince like the Cossak Bogdan Chmielnicki in 1648 for our time!
This is the goal and the agenda of the Revolutionary New RPUSA:
ONE PARTY! ONE PROGRAM! ONE PURPOSE! ~
THE COMMON GOOD BEFORE SELF OR ANY SPECIAL INTEREST & BREAKING THE BONDAGE OF DEBT & TAXES!
APPLICABLE QUOTES:
"The Palestinians and the Arab countries contended that most of the refugees were civilians who were attacked and expelled from their homes by armed Jewish forces, which instituted a policy of ethnic cleansing." ~ Education Ministry history textbook, “ Israel : No Criticism Allowed”, see
< http://news.yahoo.com/s/afp/mideastconflictisraeleducation >!
“A lot of China 's success story is because it is run by a very unique People's party political system. It is a miracle because it somehow manages to restrain hard capitalism with a unique socially orientated system. It is a big question whether there is room in this system to accommodate Israel , a bourgeoisie nationalist philosophy based on racial supremacy and choseness in general.” ~ Gilad Atzmon < http://gilad.squarespace.com/writings/autumn-in-shanghai-by-gilad-atzmon.html >
“Let me get this straight......we're going to pass a health care plan written by a committee whose
chairman says he doesn't understand it, passed by a Congress that hasn't read it but exempts themselves from it, to be signed by a president that also hasn't read it and who smokes, with funding administered by a treasury chief who didn't pay his taxes, all to be overseen by a surgeon general who is obese, and financed by a country that's nearly broke. What could possibly go wrong?” ~ Maxine, on the Obama Health Care Plan
“Let me see if I've got this right. You want me to go into that room with all those kids, correct their disruptive behavior, observe them for signs of abuse, monitor their dress habits, censor their T-shirt messages, and instill in them a love for learning. You want me to check their backpacks for weapons, wage war on drugs and sexually transmitted diseases, and raise their sense of self esteem and personal pride. You want me to teach them patriotism and good citizenship, sportsmanship and fair play, and how to register to vote, balance a checkbook, and apply for a job. You want me to check their heads for lice, recognize signs of antisocial behavior, and make sure that they all pass the final exams. You also want me to provide them with an equal education regardless of their handicaps, and communicate regularly with their parents in English, Spanish or any other language, by letter, telephone, newsletter, and report card. You want me to do all this with a piece of chalk, a blackboard, a bulletin board, a few books, a big smile, and a starting salary that qualifies me for food stamps. You want me to do all this and then you tell me. . . I CAN'T PRAY?” ~ A prospective teacher during an interview with the Public Fool System / Youth Indoctrination Camp Modification Center
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For the Cause of Freedom & Liberty… where Actions speak louder than words…
Gill Matthews, Director of Operations, RPUSA-AG STAFF
Jerry Heinemann, Director of State Party Organizations, RPUSA-AG &
State Chairman, WV Reform Party in the reconstituted Reform Party National Committee < www.rpnc.org >
NOTICE: George W. Bush issued Executive Orders allowing the National Security Agency (NSA) to read this Internet Newsletter and all other E-mail you receive or send, to listen in on your phone conversations, to "sneak & peek" into your home without your presence -- all without warning, warrant or notice. The former “Bush-regime” ordered this to be done without any legislative or judicial oversight – and the current “Obama-regime” has NOT reversed these un-Constitutional orders that violate the Bill of Rights!
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Release Date: October 9, 2009
The Federal Reserve Board on Friday announced the annual indexing of the reserve requirement exemption amount and of the low reserve tranche for 2010. These amounts are used in the calculation of reserve requirements of depository institutions. The Board also announced the annual indexing of the nonexempt deposit cutoff level and the reduced reporting limit that will be used to determine deposit reporting panels effective 2010.
All depository institutions must hold a percentage of certain types of deposits as reserves in the form of vault cash, as a deposit in a Federal Reserve Bank, or as a deposit in a pass-through account at a correspondent institution. Reserve requirements currently are assessed on the depository institution's net transaction accounts (mostly checking accounts). Depository institutions must also regularly submit deposit reports of their deposits and other reservable liabilities.
For net transaction accounts in 2010, the first $10.7 million, up from $10.3 million in 2009, will be exempt from reserve requirements. A three percent reserve ratio will be assessed on net transaction accounts over $10.7 million up to and including $55.2 million, up from $44.4 million in 2009. A 10 percent reserve ratio will be assessed on net transaction accounts in excess of $55.2 million.
These annual adjustments, known as the low reserve tranche adjustment and the reserve requirement exemption amount adjustment, are based on growth in net transaction accounts and total reservable liabilities, respectively, at all depository institutions between June 30, 2008 and June 30, 2009.
For depository institutions that report weekly, the low reserve tranche adjustment and the reserve requirement exemption amount adjustment will apply to the fourteen-day reserve computation period that begins Tuesday, December 1, 2009 and the corresponding fourteen-day reserve maintenance period that begins Thursday, December 31, 2009.
For depository institutions that report quarterly, the low reserve tranche adjustment and the reserve requirement exemption amount adjustment will apply to the seven-day reserve computation period that begins Tuesday, December 15, 2009, and the corresponding seven-day reserve maintenance period that begins Thursday, January 14, 2010.
The Board also announced changes in two other amounts, the nonexempt deposit cutoff level and the reduced reporting limit, that are used to determine the frequency with which depository institutions must submit deposit reports. The attached Federal Register notice contains a description of the new boundaries for deposit reporting that will be effective in 2010.
The Board's notice is attached.
Release Date: September 14, 2009
The Federal Reserve Board on Monday announced the designation of the chairs and deputy chairs of the twelve Federal Reserve Banks for 2010.
Each Reserve Bank has a nine-member board of directors. The Board of Governors in Washington appoints three of these directors and each year designates one of its appointees as chair and a second as deputy chair.
Following are the names of the chairs and deputy chairs designated by the Board for 2010:
Boston
Henri A. Termeer, Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer, Genzyme Corporation, Cambridge, Massachusetts, named Chair.
Kirk A. Sykes, President, Urban Strategy America Fund, L.P., Boston, Massachusetts, named Deputy Chair.
New York
Denis M. Hughes, President, New York State AFL-CIO, New York, New York, renamed Chair.
Lee C. Bollinger, President, Columbia University, New York, New York, renamed Deputy Chair.
Philadelphia
Charles P. Pizzi, President and Chief Executive Officer, Tasty Baking Company, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, named Chair.
Jeremy Nowak, President and Chief Executive Officer, The Reinvestment Fund, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, named Deputy Chair.
Cleveland
Alfred M. Rankin, Jr., Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer, NACCO Industries, Inc., Cleveland, Ohio, named Chair.
Richard K. Smucker, Executive Chairman and Co-Chief Executive Officer, The J.M. Smucker Company, Orrville, Ohio, named Deputy Chair.
Richmond
Lemuel E. Lewis, President, LocalWeather.com, Suffolk, Virginia, renamed Chair.
Margaret E. McDermid, Senior Vice President and Chief Information Officer, Dominion Resources, Inc., Richmond, Virginia, renamed Deputy Chair.
Atlanta
Carol B. Tomé, Chief Financial Officer and Executive Vice President, The Home Depot, Atlanta, Georgia, named Chair.
Thomas I. Barkin, Director, McKinsey & Company, Atlanta, Georgia, named Deputy Chair.
Chicago
William C. Foote, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, USG Corporation, Chicago, Illinois, named Chair.
Thomas J. Wilson, Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer, The Allstate Corporation, Northbrook, Illinois, named Deputy Chair.
St. Louis
Steven H. Lipstein, President and Chief Executive Officer, BJC HealthCare, St. Louis, Missouri, renamed Chair.
Ward M. Klein, Chief Executive Officer, Energizer Holdings, Inc., Town & Country, Missouri, renamed Deputy Chair.
Minneapolis
John W. Marvin, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Marvin Windows and Doors, Warroad, Minnesota, named Chair.
Mary K. Brainerd, President and Chief Executive Officer, HealthPartners, Minneapolis, Minnesota, named Deputy Chair.
Kansas City
Lu M. Cordova, Chief Executive Officer, Corlund Industries, LLC and President & General Manager, Almacen Storage Group, Boulder, Colorado, renamed Chair.
Paul DeBruce, Chief Executive Officer and Chairman/Founder, DeBruce Grain, Inc., Kansas City, Missouri, renamed Deputy Chair.
Dallas
James T. Hackett, Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer, Anadarko Petroleum Corporation, Houston, Texas, renamed Chair.
Herb Kelleher, Founder and Chairman Emeritus, Southwest Airlines, Dallas, Texas, renamed Deputy Chair.
San Francisco
T. Gary Rogers, Chairman of the Board, Levi Strauss & Co., San Francisco, California, renamed Chair.
Douglas W. Shorenstein, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Shorenstein Properties LLC, San Francisco, California, renamed Deputy Chair.
Release Date: September 25, 2009
The Federal Reserve Board on Friday announced the execution of a consent Cease and Desist Order by and among Bankers' Bancorp, Inc., a registered bank holding company, Independent Bankers' Bank, a state chartered member bank, both of Springfield, Illinois, the Federal Reserve Board, and the Illinois Department of Financial and Professional Regulation, Division of Banking.
A copy of the Order is attached.
Release Date: September 24, 2009
The Federal Reserve Board on Thursday issued a revision to Regulation S, which sets the rates and conditions under which a government agency must reimburse a financial institution for costs incurred in producing customer financial records under the Right to Financial Privacy Act.
The revision, which becomes effective January 1, 2010, changes Regulation S in several ways. Most significantly, the personnel fees chargeable for searching and processing document requests are increased substantially. The amendments also encourage electronic document productions by not allowing a $0.25 per page fee to be charged by a financial institution for printing electronically stored information without the requesting agency's consent. The amended regulation also includes a mechanism for automatically updating the labor rates found in the regulation every three years, and makes other technical changes to the rule.
The Board's final rule is attached.
Release Date: September 24, 2009
The Federal Reserve on Thursday announced schedules for operations under the Term Auction Facility (TAF) and the Term Securities Lending Facility (TSLF) through January 2010 and other information related to those facilities.
These schedules are consistent with the intention indicated in the Federal Reserve's June 25 press release to gradually scale back these facilities in response to continued improvements in financial market conditions.
The schedules also take account of the possibility that market pressures could be heightened over year-end. As noted in previous announcements, the Federal Reserve remains prepared to expand its liquidity operations more generally should financial market conditions deteriorate materially.
Schedules are attached.
Term Auction Facility
Under the TAF facility, to date the Federal Reserve has reduced offered amounts from a peak of $150 billion per auction to $75 billion per auction as conditions in short-term funding markets have continued to improve. Under the schedules announced Thursday, the Federal Reserve will continue to offer $75 billion per 28-day auction through January in order to ensure that an adequate volume of funding is available in the period leading up to year-end and over year-end. Reductions in the sizes of those 28-day operations are expected to resume early next year. The amounts offered under the existing cycle of auctions of 84-day funds will be reduced to $50 billion effective in October and to $25 billion in November and December, and the maturities of those operations will be reduced. The purpose of shortening the maturities is to align the maturity dates of those operations with the maturities in the cycle for 28-day funds. With the completion of that transition, the auction schedule will be converted by early next year to a single cycle of 28-day funds offered every 28 days.
Over the next several months, the Federal Reserve will assess whether to maintain a TAF on a permanent basis and will publish a request for public comment on a range of possible structures for a permanent TAF.
Term Securities Lending Facility
As announced on June 25, the Federal Reserve has discontinued Schedule 1 TSLF operations and TSLF Options Program operations. It has also reduced the frequency and size of its Schedule 2 TSLF operations. Consistent with recent further improvements in conditions in secured financing markets, the amounts offered in TSLF auctions will be scaled back further from their current size of $75 billion. As indicated in the attached schedule, TSLF offerings will be reduced to $50 billion in the October auction and to $25 billion in the November, December, and January auctions in the current 28-day cycle of auctions.
| Auction Date | Term (Days) | Auction Amount | Settlement Date | Maturity Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
October 5 |
70 |
$50 Billion |
October 8 |
December 17 |
|
October 19 |
28 |
$75 Billion |
October 22 |
November 19 |
|
November 2 |
70 |
$25 Billion |
November 5 |
January 14, 2010 |
|
November 16 |
28 |
$75 Billion |
November 19 |
December 17 |
|
November 30 |
42 |
$25 Billion |
December 3 |
January 14, 2010 |
|
December 14 |
28 |
$75 Billion |
December 17 |
January 14, 2010 |
|
January 11, 2010 |
28 |
$75 Billion |
January 14, 2010 |
February 11, 2010 |
| Auction Date | Term (Days) | Auction Amount | Settlement Date | Maturity Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
October 8 |
28 |
$50 Billion |
October 9 |
November 6 |
|
November 5 |
28 |
$25 Billion |
November 6 |
December 4 |
|
December 3 |
35 |
$25 Billion |
December 4 |
January 8, 2010 |
|
January 7, 2010 |
28 |
$25 Billion |
January 8, 2010 |
February 5, 2010 |
Release Date: September 17, 2009
The Federal Reserve Board on Thursday announced the execution of a Written Agreement by and among Security Financial Services Corporation, a registered bank holding company, Security Financial Bank, a state chartered member bank, both of Durand, Wisconsin, the Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis, and the Wisconsin Department of Financial Institutions.
A copy of the Written Agreement is attached.
Release Date: September 15, 2009
The Federal Reserve, under a policy announced Tuesday, will implement a consumer compliance supervision program in nonbank subsidiaries of bank holding companies (BHCs) and foreign banking organizations (FBOs) with activities covered by the consumer protection laws and regulations the Federal Reserve has the authority to enforce. The policy, which will take effect immediately, also provides for the investigation of consumer complaints against these nonbank entities.
In 2007, the Federal Reserve, along with the Federal Trade Commission (FTC), Office of Thrift Supervision (OTS), and two associations of state regulators, launched a joint pilot project that conducted targeted consumer protection compliance reviews of selected non-depository lenders with significant subprime mortgage operations. The policy announced today builds upon the groundwork of the pilot program and responds to a need for more effective supervision and consumer protection. It is designed to improve the Federal Reserve's understanding of the consumer compliance risk that certain products and services may pose to the holding companies and consumers and to guide supervisory activity for these entities.
The Federal Reserve has authority to examine nonbank subsidiaries for compliance with the Truth in Lending Act (TILA); Equal Credit Opportunity Act (ECOA); Home Ownership and Equity Protection Act (HOEPA); Fair Credit Billing Act (FCBA); Consumer Leasing Act (CLA); Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA); Fair Debt Collection Practices Act (FDCPA); Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA); Truth in Savings Act (TISA); any rules promulgated pursuant to the Federal Trade Commission Act (FTC Act); and the Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act (RESPA).
The Board's Consumer Affairs Letter is attached.
Release Date: September 17, 2009
The Federal Reserve Board on Thursday announced the approval of an application by Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce, Toronto, Canada, to retain an agency in New York, New York.
Attached is the Order relating to this action.
Release Date: September 3, 2009
The Federal Reserve Board on Thursday announced the issuance of a consent Order of Assessment of a Civil Money Penalty against First Bank & Trust Company, Lebanon, Virginia, a state member bank. First Bank & Trust Company, without admitting to any allegations, consented to the issuance of the Order in connection with its alleged violations of the Board’s regulations implementing the National Flood Insurance Act.
The Order requires First Bank & Trust Company to pay a civil money penalty of $2,565, which will be remitted to the Federal Emergency Management Agency for deposit into the National Flood Mitigation Fund.
A copy of the Order is attached.
Release Date: September 3, 2009
The Federal Reserve Board on Thursday announced the issuance of a consent Order of Assessment of a Civil Money Penalty against Union Bank and Trust Company, Bowling Green, Virginia, successor by merger with Bay Community Bank, Newport News, Virginia, a state member bank. Union Bank and Trust Company, without admitting to any allegations, consented to the issuance of the Order in connection with its alleged violations of the Board’s regulations implementing the National Flood Insurance Act.
The Order requires Union Bank and Trust Company to pay a civil money penalty of $3,990, which will be remitted to the Federal Emergency Management Agency for deposit into the National Flood Mitigation Fund.
A copy of the Order is attached.
Release Date: September 2, 2009
The Federal Reserve Board and the Federal Open Market Committee on Wednesday released the attached minutes of the Committee meeting held on August 11-12, 2009.
The minutes for each regularly scheduled meeting of the Committee ordinarily are made available three weeks after the day of the policy decision and subsequently are published in the Board's Annual Report. The description of economic and financial conditions contained in these minutes is based solely on the information that was available to the Committee at the time of the meeting.
The FOMC minutes can be viewed on the Board's website at http://www.federalreserve.gov/monetarypolicy/fomccalendars.htm.
Minutes of Federal Open Market Committee
August 11-12, 2009: 260 KB PDF | HTML
The agencies are issuing the proposal to better align regulatory capital requirements with the actual risks of certain exposures. Banking organizations affected by the new accounting standards generally will be subject to higher minimum regulatory capital requirements. The agencies' proposal seeks comment and supporting data on whether a phase-in of the increase in regulatory capital requirements is needed. It also seeks comment and supporting data on the features and characteristics of transactions that, although consolidated under the new accounting standards, might merit an alternative capital treatment, as well as on the potential impact of the new accounting standards on lending, provisioning, and other activities.
Comments on all aspects of the proposed rule are due within 30 days after its publication in the Federal Register, which is expected shortly.
| Media Contacts: | ||
| Federal Reserve | Barbara Hagenbaugh | 202-452-2955 |
| FDIC | Greg Hernandez | 202-898-6984 |
| OCC | Dean DeBuck | 202-874-5770 |
| OTS | William Ruberry | 202-906-6677 |
Release Date: August 28, 2009
The Federal Reserve on Friday announced that the amounts of Term Auction Facility (TAF) credit offered at each of the two auctions in September will be reduced to $75 billion from $100 billion in August. Specifically, the Federal Reserve will offer $75 billion of 84-day credit on Tuesday, September 8, and $75 billion of 28-day credit on Monday, September 21.
Release Date: August 20, 2009
The Federal Reserve Board on Thursday announced the execution of a Written Agreement by and between Coastal Community Investments, Inc., Panama City Beach, Florida, a registered bank holding company, and the Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta.
A copy of the Written Agreement is attached.
Release Date: August 17, 2009
The Federal Reserve Board and the Treasury Department on Monday announced that they approved an extension to the Term Asset-Backed Securities Loan Facility (TALF) and that, at this time, they do not anticipate any further additions to the types of collateral that are eligible for the facility.
Conditions in financial markets have improved considerably in recent months. Nonetheless, the markets for asset-backed securities (ABS) backed by consumer and business loans and for commercial mortgage-backed securities (CMBS) are still impaired and seem likely to remain so for some time. To promote the flow of credit to businesses and households and to facilitate the financing of commercial properties, the Federal Reserve and Treasury approved extending TALF loans against newly issued ABS and legacy CMBS through March 31, 2010. Because new CMBS deals can take a significant amount of time to arrange, the Federal Reserve and Treasury approved TALF lending against newly issued CMBS through June 30, 2010. The Board will continue to monitor financial conditions and will consider in the future whether unusual and exigent circumstances warrant a further extension of the TALF to help promote financial stability and economic growth. The Federal Reserve and Treasury had previously authorized TALF loans through December 31, 2009.
After having conducted a thorough analysis of a number of potential candidates, the Federal Reserve and Treasury announced on Monday that they are holding in abeyance any further expansion in the types of collateral eligible for the TALF. The securities already eligible for collateralizing TALF loans include the major types of newly issued, triple-A-rated ABS backed by loans to consumers and businesses, and newly issued and legacy triple-A-rated CMBS. The Federal Reserve and Treasury are prepared to reconsider their decision if financial or economic developments indicate that providing TALF financing for investors' acquisitions of additional types of securities is warranted.
Release Date: August 19, 2009
The Federal Reserve on Wednesday announced a new schedule of margins applicable for collateral pledged by depository institutions to secure discount window and Term Auction Facility loans and for payment system risk purposes.
The new margins are part of the Federal Reserve's continuing efforts to ensure effective risk-management policies and procedures in its lending programs to depository institutions. They reflect data and methodological improvements that better account for differences in various risk characteristics across collateral types.
Details on the changes, effective October 19, 2009, are available at www.frbdiscountwindow.org.
Release Date: August 6, 2009
Homeowners in all regions of the United States are seeing their home equity lines of credit (HELOCs) frozen or reduced and wondering what they can do about it. The Federal Reserve's latest "5 Tips" guide explains consumers' rights and lenders' responsibilities when credit lines are reduced and provides information for those seeking to have a credit line reinstated.
"5 Tips for Dealing with a Home Equity Line Freeze or Reduction" explains that lenders can lawfully reduce or limit a consumer's line of credit regardless of whether the consumer has made timely payments. However, the lender must send a written notice of the action no later than three business days after the freeze or reduction goes into effect. The notice must include information about any other changes to the HELOC.
The freeze or reduction notice should include specific reasons for the action. The most common reasons for modifying the terms of a HELOC are a decline in the home's value, or a change in financial circumstances. Understanding why a lender froze a credit line may help a consumer take steps to have it reinstated to the original amount. For example, a lender may not know that significant home improvements have been made that increased the home's value. Or, if a household's financial circumstances have changed for the worse, consumers should look for ways to rebuild their credit rating.
Consumers are urged to protect their credit history by acting responsibly and contacting the lender immediately if they have questions or concerns about a credit line freeze or reduction. Lenders must reinstate credit privileges when the conditions causing the freeze or reduction no longer exist.
"5 Tips for Dealing with a Home Equity Line Freeze or Reduction" can be found at http://www.federalreserve.gov/pubs/heloctips/default.htm. It is one of several publications the Federal Reserve Board provides to help consumers make informed decisions involving home equity lines of credit.
Release Date: August 4, 2009
The Federal Reserve Board on Tuesday announced the execution of a Written Agreement by and among Imperial Capital Bancorp, Inc., La Jolla, California, a registered bank holding company, the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, and the State of California Department of Financial Institutions.
A copy of the Written Agreement is attached.
Release Date: August 6, 2009
The Federal Reserve Board on Thursday announced the execution of a Written Agreement by and among, Sterling Banks, Inc., a registered bank holding company, Sterling Bank, a state member bank, both of Mount Laurel, New Jersey, the Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia, and the New Jersey Department of Banking and Insurance.
A copy of the Written Agreement is attached.
Release Date: July 30, 2009
The Federal Reserve Board on Thursday approved final amendments to Regulation Z (Truth in Lending) that revise the disclosure requirements for private education loans.
The amendments implement provisions of the Higher Education Opportunity Act (HEOA) enacted in August 2008. Under the amendments, creditors that extend private education loans must provide disclosures about loan terms and features on or with the loan application and must also disclose information about federal student loan programs that may offer less costly alternatives. Additional disclosures must be provided when the loan is approved and when the loan is consummated. The Board is also providing model disclosure forms that creditors could use to comply with the new disclosure requirements.
The new disclosure requirements apply to loans made expressly for postsecondary educational expenses but do not apply where educational expenses are funded by credit card advances, or real-estate-secured loans. In addition, the amendments do not apply to education loans made, insured, or guaranteed by the federal government, which are subject to disclosure rules issued by the Department of Education.
The Board's amendments also implement the HEOA's restrictions on using the name, emblem, or mascot of an educational institution in a way that implies that the institution endorses the creditor's loans.
The mandatory effective date for the amendments is 180 days after publication in the Federal Register, which is expected shortly.
Federal Register notice (2 MB PDF)Consumer Research and Testing for Private Education Loans: Final Report of Findings (4.1 MB PDF)
Model forms and samples:
Release Date: July 28, 2009
On July 27, 2009, the Federal Reserve conducted an auction of $125 billion in 28-day credit through its Term Auction Facility. Following are the results of the auction:
| Stop-out rate: | 0.250 percent |
| Total propositions submitted: | $82.375 billion |
| Total propositions accepted: | $82.375 billion |
| Bid/cover ratio: | 0.66 |
| Number of bidders: | 103 |
The awarded loans will settle on July 30, 2009, and will mature on August 27, 2009. The stop-out rate shown above will apply to all awarded loans.
Institutions that submitted winning bids will be contacted by their respective Reserve Banks by 11:30 a.m. EDT on July 28, 2009. Participants have until 12:30 p.m. EDT on July 28, 2009, to inform their local Reserve Bank of any error.
Release Date: July 28, 2009
On July 27, 2009, the Federal Reserve conducted an auction of $125 billion in 28-day credit through its Term Auction Facility. Following are the results of the auction:
| Stop-out rate: | 0.250 percent |
| Total propositions submitted: | $82.375 billion |
| Total propositions accepted: | $82.375 billion |
| Bid/cover ratio: | 0.66 |
| Number of bidders: | 103 |
The awarded loans will settle on July 30, 2009, and will mature on August 27, 2009. The stop-out rate shown above will apply to all awarded loans.
Institutions that submitted winning bids will be contacted by their respective Reserve Banks by 11:30 a.m. EDT on July 28, 2009. Participants have until 12:30 p.m. EDT on July 28, 2009, to inform their local Reserve Bank of any error.
Release Date: July 23, 2009
The Federal Reserve Board on Thursday announced the execution of a Written Agreement by and among Crescent Banking Company, Jasper, Georgia, a registered bank holding company, the Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta, and the Banking Commissioner of the State of Georgia.
A copy of the Written Agreement is attached.
Release Date: July 23, 2009
The Federal Reserve Board on Thursday proposed significant changes to Regulation Z (Truth in Lending) intended to improve the disclosures consumers receive in connection with closed-end mortgages and home-equity lines of credit (HELOCs). These changes, offered for public comment, reflect the result of consumer testing conducted as part of the Board's comprehensive review of the rules for home-secured credit. The amendments would also provide new consumer protections for all home-secured credit.
"Consumers need the proper tools to determine whether a particular mortgage loan is appropriate for their circumstances," said Federal Reserve Chairman Ben S. Bernanke. "It is often said that a home is a family's most important asset, and it is the Federal Reserve's responsibility to see that borrowers receive the information they need to protect that asset."
To shop for and understand the cost of credit, consumers must be able to identify and understand the key terms of the mortgage. In formulating the proposed revisions to Regulation Z, the Board used consumer testing to ensure that the most essential information is provided at a suitable time using content and formats that are clear and conspicuous.
"Our goal is to ensure that consumers receive the information they need, whether they are applying for a fixed-rate mortgage with level payments for 30 years, or an adjustable-rate mortgage with low initial payments that can increase sharply," said Governor Elizabeth A. Duke. "With this in mind, the disclosures would be revised to highlight potentially risky features such as adjustable rates, prepayment penalties, and negative amortization."
Closed-end mortgage disclosures would be revised to highlight potentially risky features such as adjustable rates, prepayment penalties, and negative amortization. The Board's proposal would:
The Board will also work with the Department of Housing and Urban Development to make the disclosures mandated by TILA, and HUD's disclosures, required by the Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act, complementary; potentially developing a single disclosure form that creditors could use to satisfy both laws.
In developing the proposed amendments, the Board recognized that disclosures alone may not always be sufficient to protect consumers from unfair practices. To prevent mortgage loan originators from "steering" consumers to more expensive loans, the Board's proposal would:
The rules for home-equity lines of credit would be revised to change the timing, content, and format of the disclosures that creditors provide to consumers at application and throughout the life of such accounts. Currently, consumers receive lengthy, generic disclosures at application. Under the proposal, consumers would receive a new one-page Board publication summarizing basic information and risks regarding HELOCs at application. Shortly after application, consumers would receive new disclosures that reflect the specific terms of their credit plans. In addition, the Board's proposal would:
The Federal Register notices are attached. The comment periods end 120 days after publication of the proposals in the Federal Register, which is expected shortly.
Highlights of Proposed Rules Regarding Home-Secured Credit (14 KB PDF)
Statement by Chairman Ben S. Bernanke
Statement by Governor Elizabeth A. Duke
Board Memorandum--Proposed Amendments to Regulation Z (Truth in Lending) (183 KB PDF)Regulation Z--HELOC:
Draft Federal Register notice, Regulation Z--HELOC (5.4 MB PDF)
Key Questions to Ask About Home Equity Lines of Credit (Attachment A) (68 KB PDF)
Model forms and samples:
Regulation Z--Closed-end Mortgages:
Draft Federal Register notice, Regulation Z--Closed-end Mortgages (8.2 MB PDF)
Key Questions to Ask About Your Mortgage (Attachment A) (68 KB PDF)
Fixed vs. Adjustable Rate Mortgages Early Disclosure (Attachment B) (73 KB PDF)
Model forms and samples:
Release Date: July 24, 2009
The Federal Reserve on Friday announced that the amounts of Term Auction Facility (TAF) credit offered at each of the two auctions in August will be reduced to $100 billion from $125 billion in July. Specifically, the Federal Reserve will offer $100 billion of 84-day credit on Monday, August 10 and $100 billion of 28-day credit on Monday, August 24. This reduction is consistent with the expectation indicated in the Federal Reserve's June 25 press release that TAF auction amounts would be reduced gradually further in coming months if market conditions continue to improve.
Release Date: July 14, 2009
On July 13, 2009, the Federal Reserve conducted an auction of $125 billion in 84-day credit through its Term Auction Facility. Following are the results of the auction:
| Stop-out rate: | 0.250 percent |
| Total propositions submitted: | $47.768 billion |
| Total propositions accepted: | $47.768 billion |
| Bid/cover ratio: | 0.38 |
| Number of bidders: | 87 |
The awarded loans will settle on July 16, 2009, and will mature on October 8, 2009. The stop-out rate shown above will apply to all awarded loans.
Institutions that submitted winning bids will be contacted by their respective Reserve Banks by 11:30 a.m. EDT on July 14, 2009. Participants have until 12:30 p.m. EDT on July 14, 2009, to inform their local Reserve Bank of any error.
Release Date: July 15, 2009
The Federal Reserve Board and the Federal Open Market Committee on Wednesday released the attached minutes of the Committee meeting held on June 23-24, 2009 and of the conference call held on June 3, 2009. A summary of economic projections made by Federal Reserve Board members and Reserve Bank presidents for the June 23-24, 2009 meeting is also included as an addendum to these minutes.
The minutes for each regularly scheduled meeting of the Committee ordinarily are made available three weeks after the day of the policy decision and subsequently are published in the Board's Annual Report. Summaries of economic projections are released on an approximately quarterly schedule. The descriptions of economic and financial conditions contained in these minutes and in the Summary of Economic Projections are based solely on the information that was available to the Committee at the time of the meeting.
The FOMC minutes can be viewed on the Board's website at http://www.federalreserve.gov/monetarypolicy/fomccalendars.htm.
Minutes of Federal Open Market Committee
June 3 and 23-24, 2009: 347 KB PDF | HTML
Release Date: July 15, 2009
The Federal Reserve Board on Wednesday approved an interim final rule amending Regulation Z (Truth in Lending) to require creditors to increase the amount of notice consumers receive before the rate on a credit card account is increased or a significant change is made to the account's terms. The amendments also allow consumers to reject such increases and changes by informing the creditor before the increase or change goes into effect.
These revisions are the first stage in the Federal Reserve Board's implementation of the Credit Card Accountability Responsibility and Disclosure Act of 2009 (Credit Card Act). In May 2009, the Credit Card Act amended the Truth in Lending Act (TILA) and other statutes to establish fair and transparent practices for open-end consumer credit plans, including credit cards.
The Credit Card Act's amendments to TILA go into effect in three stages. This interim final rule implements the provisions of the Credit Card Act that go into effect on August 20, 2009. The remaining provisions go into effect on February 22 or August 22, 2010 and will be implemented by the Federal Reserve Board at a later date.
The interim final rule implements the requirements in the Credit Card Act as follows:
The notice that will be published in the Federal Register is attached. Comments on the interim final rule must be submitted within 60 days after publication in the Federal Register, which is expected shortly.
Release Date: July 15, 2009
The Federal Reserve Board and the Federal Open Market Committee on Wednesday released the attached minutes of the Committee meeting held on June 23-24, 2009 and of the conference call held on June 3, 2009. A summary of economic projections made by Federal Reserve Board members and Reserve Bank presidents for the June 23-24, 2009 meeting is also included as an addendum to these minutes.
The minutes for each regularly scheduled meeting of the Committee ordinarily are made available three weeks after the day of the policy decision and subsequently are published in the Board's Annual Report. Summaries of economic projections are released on an approximately quarterly schedule. The descriptions of economic and financial conditions contained in these minutes and in the Summary of Economic Projections are based solely on the information that was available to the Committee at the time of the meeting.
The FOMC minutes can be viewed on the Board's website at http://www.federalreserve.gov/monetarypolicy/fomccalendars.htm.
Minutes of Federal Open Market Committee
June 3 and 23-24, 2009: 347 KB PDF | HTML
Release Date: June 25, 2009
The Federal Reserve on Thursday announced extensions of and modifications to a number of its liquidity programs. Conditions in financial markets have improved in recent months, but market functioning in many areas remains impaired and seems likely to be strained for some time. As a consequence, to promote financial stability and support the flow of credit to households and businesses, the Federal Reserve is extending a number of facilities through early 2010. At the same time, in light of the improvement in financial conditions and reduced usage of some facilities, the Federal Reserve is trimming the size and changing the terms of some facilities.
Specifically, the Board of Governors approved extension through February 1, 2010, of the Asset-Backed Commercial Paper Money Market Mutual Fund Liquidity Facility (AMLF), the Commercial Paper Funding Facility (CPFF), the Primary Dealer Credit Facility (PDCF), and the Term Securities Lending Facility (TSLF). The expiration date for the Term Asset-Backed Securities Loan Facility (TALF) currently remains set at December 31, 2009. The Term Auction Facility (TAF) does not have a fixed expiration date.
The extension of the TSLF also required the approval of the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC), as that facility is established under the joint authority of the Board and the FOMC.
In addition, the temporary reciprocal currency arrangements (swap lines) between the Federal Reserve and other central banks have been extended to February 1. The Federal Reserve action to extend the swap lines was taken by the FOMC.
The Federal Reserve also announced changes to certain liquidity programs in light of the improvement in financial conditions and the associated reduction in usage of some facilities. Specifically, the Federal Reserve trimmed the size of upcoming TAF auctions, because the amount of credit extended under that facility has been well below the offered amount. In view of very weak demand at TSLF Schedule 1 auctions and TSLF Options Program auctions over recent months, auctions under these programs will be suspended. The frequency of Schedule 2 TSLF auctions will be reduced to one every four weeks and the offered amount will be reduced. The authorization for the Money Market Investor Funding Facility (MMIFF) was not extended, and an additional administrative criterion was established for use of the AMLF. If necessary in view of evolving market conditions, the Federal Reserve will increase the size of TAF auctions and resume TSLF operations that have been suspended.
The Board and the FOMC will continue to monitor closely the condition of financial markets and the need for and effectiveness of the Federal Reserve's special liquidity facilities and arrangements. Should the recent improvements in market conditions continue, the Board and the FOMC currently anticipate that a number of these facilities may not need to be extended beyond February 1. However, if financial stresses do not moderate as expected, the Board and the FOMC are prepared to extend the terms of some or all of the facilities as needed to promote financial stability and economic growth. The public will receive timely notice of planned extensions, discontinuations, or modifications of Federal Reserve programs.
TAF and Swap Lines
In recent months, conditions in wholesale funding markets have improved, and partly as a result, usage of the TAF and the dollar facilities provided by foreign central banks has declined notably. For some time, amounts bid at TAF auctions have fallen short of the amounts auctioned. In view of the decreasing need for TAF funding, the Board has reduced the amounts auctioned at the biweekly auctions of TAF funds from $150 billion to $125 billion, effective with the auction to be held on July 13. The Federal Reserve anticipates that, if market conditions continue to improve in coming months, TAF funding will be reduced gradually further.
The extension of the dollar liquidity swap arrangements through February 1 currently applies to the swap lines between the Federal Reserve and each of the following central banks: the Reserve Bank of Australia, the Banco Central do Brasil, the Bank of Canada, Danmarks Nationalbank, the Bank of England, the European Central Bank, the Bank of Korea, the Banco de Mexico, the Reserve Bank of New Zealand, Norges Bank, the Monetary Authority of Singapore, Sveriges Riksbank, and the Swiss National Bank. The extension of the foreign currency swap arrangements currently applies to the swap lines between the Federal Reserve and the Bank of England, the European Central Bank, and the Swiss National Bank. The Bank of Japan will consider extensions of the dollar liquidity swap and the foreign-currency liquidity swap arrangements with the Federal Reserve and will announce its decision following its next Monetary Policy Meeting.
TSLF and PDCF
The Federal Reserve extended the TSLF, with certain modifications, and the PDCF through February 1.
In view of the considerable progress to date in deleveraging by primary dealers and dealers' improved access to funding in the market for repurchase agreements, activity at the TSLF has fallen notably. In response, the Board and the FOMC approved certain modifications to the TSLF. In particular, TSLF auctions backed by Schedule 1 collateral (Treasury, agency debt, and agency-guaranteed mortgage-backed securities) will be suspended, effective July 1. Also, the Federal Reserve suspended the TSLF Options Program (TOP), effective with maturity of outstanding June TOP options. TSLF auctions backed by Schedule 2 collateral (Schedule 1 collateral and investment-grade corporate, municipal, mortgage-backed, and asset-backed securities) will now be conducted every four weeks, rather than every two weeks, and the total amount offered under the TSLF will be reduced to $75 billion. The Federal Reserve anticipates that the amounts auctioned under the TSLF will be scaled back further over time as permitted by market conditions. However, the Federal Reserve is prepared to resume Schedule 1 TSLF operations and TOP auctions and to increase the frequency and size of Schedule 2 auctions if warranted by evolving market conditions.
Although the amount outstanding under the PDCF is currently zero, the Board believes it appropriate to continue to provide the PDCF as a backstop liquidity facility for primary dealers in the near term, while financial market conditions remain somewhat fragile.
AMLF, CPFF, and MMIFF
The Board extended the authorizations for the AMLF and the CPFF through February 1, 2010. The authorization for the MMIFF, which expires on October 30, 2009, was not extended.
Usage of the AMLF has declined considerably as market conditions have improved. Nonetheless, in view of the continued fragility in market conditions, the Board judged it appropriate to extend the authorization for the AMLF. To help ensure that the AMLF is used for its intended purpose of providing a temporary liquidity backstop to money market mutual funds (MMMFs), the Federal Reserve established a redemption threshold whereby a MMMF would have to experience material outflows--defined as at least 5 percent of net assets in a single day or at least 10 percent of net assets within the prior five business days--before it can sell asset-backed commercial paper (ABCP) that would be eligible collateral for AMLF loans to depository institutions and bank holding companies. Any eligible ABCP purchased from a MMMF that has experienced redemptions at these thresholds could be pledged to AMLF at any time within the five business days following the date that the threshold level of redemptions was reached.
The Board similarly judged that market conditions warranted the extension of the CPFF through February 1 in order to help ensure the access of U.S. businesses to short-term funding. Interest rates posted on the CPFF are at levels that are increasingly unattractive for many borrowers as market conditions improve, and accordingly usage of the CPFF is declining fairly steadily. In these circumstances, the Board judged that modifications to the CPFF were not necessary at this time.
Given the overall improvement in market conditions and the continued availability of the AMLF and the CPFF, the Board believed that it was not necessary to extend the authorization for the MMIFF.
Release Date: July 9, 2009
The Federal Reserve Board on Thursday announced the execution of a Written Agreement by and among First State Bancorporation, Albuquerque, New Mexico, a registered bank holding company, First Community Bank, Taos, New Mexico, a state chartered member bank, the Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City, and the New Mexico Regulation and Licensing Department, Financial Institutions Division.
A copy of the Written Agreement is attached.
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE: July 8, 2009
CONTACT: Treasury Public Affairs (202) 622-2960
JOINT STATEMENT
BY
SECRETARY OF THE TREASURY TIMOTHY F. GEITHNER, CHAIRMAN OF THE BOARD OF GOVERNORS OF THE FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM BEN S. BERNANKE, AND CHAIRMAN OF THE FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION SHEILA BAIR
Legacy Asset Program
The Financial Stability Plan, announced in February, outlined a framework to bring capital into the financial system and address the problem of legacy real estate-related assets.
On March 23, 2009, the Treasury Department, the Federal Reserve, and the FDIC announced the detailed designs for the Legacy Loan and Legacy Securities Programs. Since that announcement, we have been working jointly to put in place the operational structure for these programs, including setting guidelines to ensure that the taxpayer is adequately protected, addressing compensation matters, setting program participation limits, and establishing stringent conflict of interest rules and procedures. Recently released rules are detailed separately in the Summary of Conflicts of Interest Rules and Ethical Guidelines
.
Today, the Treasury Department, the Federal Reserve, and the FDIC are pleased to describe the continued progress on implementing these programs including Treasury’s launch of the Legacy Securities Public-Private Investment Program.
Financial market conditions have improved since the early part of this year, and many financial institutions have raised substantial amounts of capital as a buffer against weaker than expected economic conditions. While utilization of legacy asset programs will depend on how actual economic and financial market conditions evolve, the programs are capable of being quickly expanded if these conditions deteriorate. Thus, while the programs will initially be modest in size, we are prepared to expand the amount of resources committed to these programs.
Legacy Securities Program
The Legacy Securities program is designed to support market functioning and facilitate price discovery in the asset-backed securities markets, allowing banks and other financial institutions to re-deploy capital and extend new credit to households and businesses. Improved market function and increased price discovery should serve to reinforce the progress made by U.S. financial institutions in raising private capital in the wake of the Supervisory Capital Assessment Program (SCAP) completed in May 2009.
The Legacy Securities Program consists of two related parts, each of which is designed to draw private capital into these markets.
Legacy Securities Public-Private Investment Program (“PPIP”)
Under this program, Treasury will invest up to $30 billion of equity and debt in PPIFs established with private sector fund managers and private investors for the purpose of purchasing legacy securities. Thus, Legacy Securities PPIP allows the Treasury to partner with leading investment management firms in a way that increases the flow of private capital into these markets while maintaining equity “upside” for US taxpayers.
Initially, the Legacy Securities PPIP will participate in the market for commercial mortgage-backed securities and non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities. To qualify, for purchase by a Legacy Securities PPIP, these securities must have been issued prior to 2009 and have originally been rated AAA -- or an equivalent rating by two or more nationally recognized statistical rating organizations -- without ratings enhancement and must be secured directly by the actual mortgage loans, leases, or other assets (“Eligible Assets”).
Following a comprehensive two-month application evaluation and selection process, during which over 100 unique applications to participate in Legacy Securities PPIP were received, Treasury has pre-qualified the following firms (in alphabetical order) to participate as fund managers in the initial round of the program:
Treasury evaluated these applications according to established criteria, including: (i) demonstrated capacity to raise at least $500 million of private capital; (ii) demonstrated experience investing in Eligible Assets, including through performance track records; (iii) a minimum of $10 billion (market value) of Eligible Assets under management; (iv) demonstrated operational capacity to manage the Legacy Securities PPIP funds in a manner consistent with Treasury’s stated Investment Objective while also protecting taxpayers; and (iv) headquartered in the United States. To ensure robust participation by both small and large firms, these criteria were evaluated on a holistic basis and failure to meet any one criterion did not necessarily disqualify an application.
Each Legacy Securities PPIP fund manager will receive an equal allocation of capital from Treasury. These Legacy Securities PPIP fund managers have also established meaningful partnership roles for small-, veteran-, minority-, and women-owned businesses. These roles include, among others, asset management, capital raising, broker-dealer, investment sourcing, research, advisory, cash management and fund administration services. Collectively, the nine pre-qualified PPIP fund managers have established 10 unique relationships with leading small-, veteran-, minority-, and women-owned financial services businesses, located in five different states, pursuant to the Legacy Securities PPIP. Moreover, as Treasury previously announced, small-, veteran-, minority-, and women-owned businesses will continue to have the opportunity to partner with selected fund managers following pre-qualification. Set forth below is a list (in alphabetical order) of the established small-, veteran-, minority-, and women-owned businesses partnerships:
In addition to the evaluation of applications, Treasury has conducted legal, compliance and business due diligence on each pre-qualified Legacy Securities PPIP fund manager. The due diligence process encompassed, among other things, in-person management presentations and limited partner reference calls. Treasury has negotiated equity and debt term sheets (see attached link for the terms of Treasury’s equity and debt investments in the Legacy Securities PPIP funds) for each pre-qualified Legacy Securities PPIP fund manager. Treasury will continue to negotiate final documentation with each pre-qualified fund manager with the expectation of announcing a first closing of a PPIF in early August.
Each pre-qualified Legacy Securities PPIP fund manager will have up to 12 weeks to raise at least $500 million of capital from private investors for the PPIF. The equity capital raised from private investors will be matched by Treasury. Each pre-qualified Legacy Securities PPIP fund manager will also invest a minimum of $20 million of firm capital into the PPIF. Upon raising this private capital, pre-qualified Legacy Securities PPIP fund managers can begin purchasing Eligible Assets. Treasury will also provide debt financing up to 100% of the total equity of the PPIF. In addition, PPIFs will be able to obtain debt financing raised from private sources, and leverage through the Federal Reserve’s and Treasury’s Term Asset-Backed Securities Loan Facility (TALF), for those assets eligible for that program, subject to total leverage limits and covenants.
Legacy Securities and the Term Asset-Backed Securities Loan Facility
On May 19, 2009, the Federal Reserve Board announced that, starting in July 2009, certain high-quality commercial mortgage-backed securities issued before January 1, 2009 (“legacy CMBS”) would become eligible collateral under the TALF. The Federal Reserve and the Treasury also continue to assess whether to expand TALF to include legacy residential mortgage-backed securities as an eligible asset class.
The CMBS market, which has financed approximately 20 percent of outstanding commercial mortgages, including mortgages on offices and multi-family residential, retail and industrial properties, came to a standstill in mid-2008. The extension of eligible TALF collateral to include legacy CMBS is intended to promote price discovery and liquidity for legacy CMBS. The announcements about the acceptance of CMBS as TALF collateral are already having a notable impact on markets for eligible securities.
Legacy Loan Program
In order to help cleanse bank balance sheets of troubled legacy loans and reduce the overhang of uncertainty associated with these assets, the FDIC and Treasury designed the Legacy Loan Program alongside the Legacy Securities PPIP.
The Legacy Loan Program is intended to boost private demand for distressed assets and facilitate market-priced sales of troubled assets. The FDIC would provide oversight for the formation, funding, and operation of a number of vehicles that will purchase these assets from banks or directly from the FDIC. Private investors would invest equity capital and the FDIC will provide a guarantee for debt financing issued by these vehicles to fund asset purchases. The FDIC’s guarantee would be collateralized by the purchased assets. The FDIC would receive a fee in return for its guarantee.
On March 26, 2009, the FDIC announced a comment period for the Legacy Loan Program, and has now incorporated this feedback into the design of the program. The FDIC has announced that it will test the funding mechanism contemplated by the LLP in a sale of receivership assets this summer. This funding mechanism draws upon concepts successfully employed by the Resolution Trust Corporation in the 1990s, which routinely assisted in the financing of asset sales through responsible use of leverage. The FDIC expects to solicit bids for this sale of receivership assets in July. The FDIC remains committed to building a successful Legacy Loan Program for open banks and will be prepared to offer it in the future as needed to cleanse bank balance sheets and bolster their ability to support the credit needs of the economy. In addition, the FDIC will continue to work on ways to increase the utilization of this program by open banks and investors.
###
REPORTS
Release Date: July 2, 2009
The California State Controller's Office has announced that it may issue registered warrants, or IOUs, for some payments as early as today. These registered warrants would not be payable immediately, but rather on a future date. These warrants will be identified with the word "REGISTERED" on the front.
Customers are advised to consult with their banks before depositing a registered warrant and should ask the following:
The State of California has provided additional information on these registered warrants at http://www.sco.ca.gov/5935.html.
Release Date: June 30, 2009
On June 29, 2009, the Federal Reserve conducted an auction of $150 billion in 28-day credit through its Term Auction Facility. Following are the results of the auction:
| Stop-out rate: | 0.250 percent |
| Total propositions submitted: | $86.337 billion |
| Total propositions accepted: | $86.337 billion |
| Bid/cover ratio: | 0.58 |
| Number of bidders: | 106 |
The awarded loans will settle on July 2, 2009, and will mature on July 30, 2009. The stop-out rate shown above will apply to all awarded loans.
Institutions that submitted winning bids will be contacted by their respective Reserve Banks by 11:30 a.m. EDT on June 30, 2009. Participants have until 12:30 p.m. EDT on June 30, 2009, to inform their local Reserve Bank of any error.
The Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the Office of Thrift Supervision, and the National Credit Union Administration are issuing this guidance to communicate consistent expectations on sound practices for the management of funding and liquidity risks, and to strengthen liquidity risk-management practices. This guidance brings the agencies' liquidity risk principles into alignment with the international guidance issued in September 2008 by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision titled, Principles for Sound Liquidity Risk Management and Supervision.1
Recent turmoil in the financial markets emphasizes the importance of good liquidity risk management for the safety and soundness of financial institutions. The proposed guidance emphasizes the importance of cash flow projections, diversified funding sources, stress testing, a cushion of liquid assets, and a formal, well-developed contingency funding plan for measuring, monitoring, and managing liquidity risk. The proposed guidance, when finalized, will apply to all domestic financial institutions, including banks, thrifts, and credit unions.
The agencies are requesting comments on all aspects of the proposed guidance, which will be published in the Federal Register. Comments are due within 60 days after publication in the Federal Register.
| Media Contacts: | ||
| OCC | Dean DeBuck | 202-874-5770 |
| Federal Reserve | Barbara Hagenbaugh | 202-452-2955 |
| FDIC | David Barr | 202-898-6992 |
| OTS | William Ruberry | 202-906-6677 |
| NCUA | Cherie Umbel | 703-518-6337 |
1. NCUA is not a member of the Basel Committee and federally-insured credit unions are not subject to Basel-issued principles. Return to text
As required by the Fair and Accurate Credit Transactions Act, the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, Federal Trade Commission, National Credit Union Administration, Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, and Office of Thrift Supervision are publishing these final rules and guidelines, with an effective date of July 1, 2010.
Under the rules, entities that furnish information about consumers to consumer reporting agencies generally must include a consumer's credit limit in the information provided. The federal agencies are also publishing an Advance Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (ANPR) to identify possible additions to the information that furnishers must provide to consumer reporting agencies, such as the account opening date.
Also, under the rules, if a consumer believes his or her credit report includes inaccurate information, the consumer may submit a dispute directly to the entity that provided the information to the consumer reporting agency, and that entity must investigate the dispute. The rules do not change a consumer's ability to submit a dispute to a consumer reporting agency or a furnisher's duty to investigate a dispute referred by a reporting agency.
The attached final rules and guidelines, and the ANPR, were published yesterday in the Federal Register
| Media Contacts: | ||
| Federal Reserve | Barbara Hagenbaugh | 202-452-2955 |
| FDIC | David Barr | 202-898-6992 |
| FTC | Frank Dorman | 202-326-2674 |
| NCUA | Cherie Umbel | 703-518-6337 |
| OCC | Dean DeBuck | 202-874-5770 |
| OTS | William Ruberry | 202-906-6677 |
Release Date: June 25, 2009
The Federal Reserve on Thursday announced extensions of and modifications to a number of its liquidity programs. Conditions in financial markets have improved in recent months, but market functioning in many areas remains impaired and seems likely to be strained for some time. As a consequence, to promote financial stability and support the flow of credit to households and businesses, the Federal Reserve is extending a number of facilities through early 2010. At the same time, in light of the improvement in financial conditions and reduced usage of some facilities, the Federal Reserve is trimming the size and changing the terms of some facilities.
Specifically, the Board of Governors approved extension through February 1, 2010, of the Asset-Backed Commercial Paper Money Market Mutual Fund Liquidity Facility (AMLF), the Commercial Paper Funding Facility (CPFF), the Primary Dealer Credit Facility (PDCF), and the Term Securities Lending Facility (TSLF). The expiration date for the Term Asset-Backed Securities Loan Facility (TALF) currently remains set at December 31, 2009. The Term Auction Facility (TAF) does not have a fixed expiration date.
The extension of the TSLF also required the approval of the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC), as that facility is established under the joint authority of the Board and the FOMC.
In addition, the temporary reciprocal currency arrangements (swap lines) between the Federal Reserve and other central banks have been extended to February 1. The Federal Reserve action to extend the swap lines was taken by the FOMC.
The Federal Reserve also announced changes to certain liquidity programs in light of the improvement in financial conditions and the associated reduction in usage of some facilities. Specifically, the Federal Reserve trimmed the size of upcoming TAF auctions, because the amount of credit extended under that facility has been well below the offered amount. In view of very weak demand at TSLF Schedule 1 auctions and TSLF Options Program auctions over recent months, auctions under these programs will be suspended. The frequency of Schedule 2 TSLF auctions will be reduced to one every four weeks and the offered amount will be reduced. The authorization for the Money Market Investor Funding Facility (MMIFF) was not extended, and an additional administrative criterion was established for use of the AMLF. If necessary in view of evolving market conditions, the Federal Reserve will increase the size of TAF auctions and resume TSLF operations that have been suspended.
The Board and the FOMC will continue to monitor closely the condition of financial markets and the need for and effectiveness of the Federal Reserve's special liquidity facilities and arrangements. Should the recent improvements in market conditions continue, the Board and the FOMC currently anticipate that a number of these facilities may not need to be extended beyond February 1. However, if financial stresses do not moderate as expected, the Board and the FOMC are prepared to extend the terms of some or all of the facilities as needed to promote financial stability and economic growth. The public will receive timely notice of planned extensions, discontinuations, or modifications of Federal Reserve programs.
TAF and Swap Lines
In recent months, conditions in wholesale funding markets have improved, and partly as a result, usage of the TAF and the dollar facilities provided by foreign central banks has declined notably. For some time, amounts bid at TAF auctions have fallen short of the amounts auctioned. In view of the decreasing need for TAF funding, the Board has reduced the amounts auctioned at the biweekly auctions of TAF funds from $150 billion to $125 billion, effective with the auction to be held on July 13. The Federal Reserve anticipates that, if market conditions continue to improve in coming months, TAF funding will be reduced gradually further.
The extension of the dollar liquidity swap arrangements through February 1 currently applies to the swap lines between the Federal Reserve and each of the following central banks: the Reserve Bank of Australia, the Banco Central do Brasil, the Bank of Canada, Danmarks Nationalbank, the Bank of England, the European Central Bank, the Bank of Korea, the Banco de Mexico, the Reserve Bank of New Zealand, Norges Bank, the Monetary Authority of Singapore, Sveriges Riksbank, and the Swiss National Bank. The extension of the foreign currency swap arrangements currently applies to the swap lines between the Federal Reserve and the Bank of England, the European Central Bank, and the Swiss National Bank. The Bank of Japan will consider extensions of the dollar liquidity swap and the foreign-currency liquidity swap arrangements with the Federal Reserve and will announce its decision following its next Monetary Policy Meeting.
TSLF and PDCF
The Federal Reserve extended the TSLF, with certain modifications, and the PDCF through February 1.
In view of the considerable progress to date in deleveraging by primary dealers and dealers' improved access to funding in the market for repurchase agreements, activity at the TSLF has fallen notably. In response, the Board and the FOMC approved certain modifications to the TSLF. In particular, TSLF auctions backed by Schedule 1 collateral (Treasury, agency debt, and agency-guaranteed mortgage-backed securities) will be suspended, effective July 1. Also, the Federal Reserve suspended the TSLF Options Program (TOP), effective with maturity of outstanding June TOP options. TSLF auctions backed by Schedule 2 collateral (Schedule 1 collateral and investment-grade corporate, municipal, mortgage-backed, and asset-backed securities) will now be conducted every four weeks, rather than every two weeks, and the total amount offered under the TSLF will be reduced to $75 billion. The Federal Reserve anticipates that the amounts auctioned under the TSLF will be scaled back further over time as permitted by market conditions. However, the Federal Reserve is prepared to resume Schedule 1 TSLF operations and TOP auctions and to increase the frequency and size of Schedule 2 auctions if warranted by evolving market conditions.
Although the amount outstanding under the PDCF is currently zero, the Board believes it appropriate to continue to provide the PDCF as a backstop liquidity facility for primary dealers in the near term, while financial market conditions remain somewhat fragile.
AMLF, CPFF, and MMIFF
The Board extended the authorizations for the AMLF and the CPFF through February 1, 2010. The authorization for the MMIFF, which expires on October 30, 2009, was not extended.
Usage of the AMLF has declined considerably as market conditions have improved. Nonetheless, in view of the continued fragility in market conditions, the Board judged it appropriate to extend the authorization for the AMLF. To help ensure that the AMLF is used for its intended purpose of providing a temporary liquidity backstop to money market mutual funds (MMMFs), the Federal Reserve established a redemption threshold whereby a MMMF would have to experience material outflows--defined as at least 5 percent of net assets in a single day or at least 10 percent of net assets within the prior five business days--before it can sell asset-backed commercial paper (ABCP) that would be eligible collateral for AMLF loans to depository institutions and bank holding companies. Any eligible ABCP purchased from a MMMF that has experienced redemptions at these thresholds could be pledged to AMLF at any time within the five business days following the date that the threshold level of redemptions was reached.
The Board similarly judged that market conditions warranted the extension of the CPFF through February 1 in order to help ensure the access of U.S. businesses to short-term funding. Interest rates posted on the CPFF are at levels that are increasingly unattractive for many borrowers as market conditions improve, and accordingly usage of the CPFF is declining fairly steadily. In these circumstances, the Board judged that modifications to the CPFF were not necessary at this time.
Given the overall improvement in market conditions and the continued availability of the AMLF and the CPFF, the Board believed that it was not necessary to extend the authorization for the MMIFF.
Brief Remarks
I am pleased to lead off this distinguished group in congratulating the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) on its 125th anniversary. The legislation creating the BLS had its roots in several important and lasting shifts in our nation's political landscape during the late 19th century. The first shift was heightened concern about the material well-being of working men and women. Just as important, was the movement to make government agencies independent and impartial. President Chester A. Arthur signed the bill into law after he had signed the Pendleton Act, which took a big step toward establishing the basic principle that federal employees should serve on the basis of merit and not their political affiliation. Thus, from its start, the BLS was poised for a solid tradition of public service.
As a past and present consumer of the bureau's products, I want to thank you for your excellent work. I began my career in academia, where I first delved into the bureau's vast wealth of data on productivity, employment, hours of work, wages, and prices. As a student of the Great Depression, I can attest to the value of the BLS's historical recordkeeping. BLS Bulletins and Monthly Labor Review articles of the 1930s helped me analyze the behavior of the labor market during the Depression.1 Later, when I served on the National Bureau of Economic Research's Business Cycle Dating Committee, I paid close attention to current economic data, in particular to your monthly employment series.
As you know, in conducting monetary policy, the Federal Reserve aims for maximum employment and price stability. To achieve those goals, we must formulate policy based on our best assessment of where the economy is heading. Clearly, the timeliness and reliability of your labor market and price reports are critical to us. Besides those monthly indicators, our analysis and forecasting of inflation and real activity require a number of BLS inputs. We need to understand productivity because it is a key element in determining how fast the economy can expand without generating inflation. And we need to factor in trends in wages and benefits, in consumer spending, and in how U.S. wage, price, and productivity trends compare with those abroad. Indeed, the analysis, research, and forecasting that forms the foundation for our policymaking must be grounded in solid economic information, such as the BLS provides.
Additionally, if monetary policy is to be effective, the public must understand current and prospective economic developments. An important channel of monetary policy is its effect on expectations. By that I mean that the public needs to understand economic trends and then be able to infer how those trends align with our stated policy goals. Your public statements, articles in your Monthly Labor Review, and the shorter notes on issues that are posted on your website make a valuable contribution to public understanding.
Over its 125 years, the BLS has built a reputation for providing timely and accurate economic information. The close relationship that the bureau's economists and statisticians maintain with researchers--both those in government and in academia--cultivates that exemplary performance. Researchers' insights have led to better analysis and higher quality data. Moreover, the bureau is committed to undertaking the innovations and improvements necessary to ensure that its economic statistics effectively measure and provide insight into an ever-changing economy.
Let me close by congratulating the staff of the BLS. Whether you design surveys, process data, prepare releases, or conduct research that helps us understand the data, you all play significant roles in ensuring that the public, the academic community, and economic policymakers have reliable and timely information. You should be proud to be part of the BLS's long tradition of objectivity and professionalism.
Footnotes
1. Ben S. Bernanke (1986), "Employment, Hours, and Earnings in the Depression: An Analysis of Eight Manufacturing Industries," American Economic Review, vol. 76 (1), pp. 82-109. Return to text
Release Date: June 24, 2009
Information received since the Federal Open Market Committee met in April suggests that the pace of economic contraction is slowing. Conditions in financial markets have generally improved in recent months. Household spending has shown further signs of stabilizing but remains constrained by ongoing job losses, lower housing wealth, and tight credit. Businesses are cutting back on fixed investment and staffing but appear to be making progress in bringing inventory stocks into better alignment with sales. Although economic activity is likely to remain weak for a time, the Committee continues to anticipate that policy actions to stabilize financial markets and institutions, fiscal and monetary stimulus, and market forces will contribute to a gradual resumption of sustainable economic growth in a context of price stability.
The prices of energy and other commodities have risen of late. However, substantial resource slack is likely to dampen cost pressures, and the Committee expects that inflation will remain subdued for some time.
In these circumstances, the Federal Reserve will employ all available tools to promote economic recovery and to preserve price stability. The Committee will maintain the target range for the federal funds rate at 0 to 1/4 percent and continues to anticipate that economic conditions are likely to warrant exceptionally low levels of the federal funds rate for an extended period. As previously announced, to provide support to mortgage lending and housing markets and to improve overall conditions in private credit markets, the Federal Reserve will purchase a total of up to $1.25 trillion of agency mortgage-backed securities and up to $200 billion of agency debt by the end of the year. In addition, the Federal Reserve will buy up to $300 billion of Treasury securities by autumn. The Committee will continue to evaluate the timing and overall amounts of its purchases of securities in light of the evolving economic outlook and conditions in financial markets. The Federal Reserve is monitoring the size and composition of its balance sheet and will make adjustments to its credit and liquidity programs as warranted.
Voting for the FOMC monetary policy action were: Ben S. Bernanke, Chairman; William C. Dudley, Vice Chairman; Elizabeth A. Duke; Charles L. Evans; Donald L. Kohn; Jeffrey M. Lacker; Dennis P. Lockhart; Daniel K. Tarullo; Kevin M. Warsh; and Janet L. Yellen.If you are looking for help to prevent foreclosure, be sure the counseling agency is on the Department of Housing and Urban Development's list of approved agencies. Visit HUD's website for an easily searchable list of HUD-approved housing counseling agencies, or call 877-HUD-1515 (877-483-1515) for more information. If you are approached by foreclosure counselors--by mail, phone, or in person--make sure the counseling agency is HUD-approved before you do business with them.
You should not have to pay hundreds--or thousands--of dollars. Most HUD-approved housing counselors provide no-cost counseling services and many more provide low-cost counseling. Do not agree to work with a counselor who collects a fee before providing you with any services or who accepts payment only by cashier's check or wire transfer. In general, do not pay money to anyone unless you know exactly what services you will receive.
A reputable counselor will not guarantee to stop the foreclosure process, no matter what your circumstances. Working with a legitimate counselor can certainly increase your chances of keeping your home--but be wary of people who promise a sure thing. Again, get the details of your transaction, along with any promises, in writing first.
Don't let a counselor pressure you to sign paperwork you haven't had a chance to read through carefully or that you don't understand. Don't sign any blank forms or let "the counselor" fill out forms for you. Be sure to talk with an attorney before signing anything that transfers the title of your home to another party.
If you feel you may be the target or victim of foreclosure fraud, trust your instincts and seek help. For tips on spotting scam artists, visit the Federal Trade Commission's webpage on foreclosure rescue scams. Report suspicious schemes to your state and local consumer protection agencies, which you can find on the Federal Citizen Information Center's Consumer Action Website.
Release Date: June 18, 2009
The Federal Reserve Board on Thursday announced the execution of a Written Agreement by and between First National Bancshares, Inc., Spartanburg, South Carolina, a registered bank holding company, and the Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond.
A copy of the Written Agreement is attached.
Release Date: June 16, 2009
On June 15, 2009, the Federal Reserve conducted an auction of $150 billion in 84-day credit through its Term Auction Facility. Following are the results of the auction:
| Stop-out rate: | 0.250 percent |
| Total propositions submitted: | $48.023 billion |
| Total propositions accepted: | $48.023 billion |
| Bid/cover ratio: | 0.32 |
| Number of bidders: | 97 |
The awarded loans will settle on June 18, 2009, and will mature on September 10, 2009. The stop-out rate shown above will apply to all awarded loans.
Institutions that submitted winning bids will be contacted by their respective Reserve Banks by 11:30 a.m. EDT on June 16, 2009. Participants have until 12:30 p.m. EDT on June 16, 2009, to inform their local Reserve Bank of any error.
Release Date: June 12, 2009
The Federal Reserve notes the Financial Accounting Standards Board's publication today of Statements of Financial Accounting Standards No. 166 and 167 (FAS 166 and 167), which will have a material effect on banking organizations' accounting for off-balance sheet vehicles. These statements, which become effective in 2010, address weaknesses in accounting and disclosure standards for off-balance sheet vehicles. The new standards amend Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 140, Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishments of Liabilities (FAS 140), and FASB Interpretation No. 46(R), Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities (FIN 46(R)).
The Federal Reserve is reviewing regulatory capital requirements associated with the adoption of the new accounting standards. In conducting this review, the Federal Reserve is considering a broad range of factors including the maintenance of prudent capital levels, the record of recent bank experiences with off-balance sheet vehicles, and the results of the recent Supervisory Capital Assessment Program (SCAP). As part of the SCAP, participating banking organizations' capital adequacy was assessed using assumptions consistent with standards ultimately included in FAS 166 and FAS 167.
Banking organizations should take into account in their internal capital planning processes the full impact of FAS 166 and 167 and assess whether additional capital may be necessary to support the risks associated with vehicles affected by the new accounting standards.
Release Date: June 10, 2009
The Federal Reserve on Wednesday issued the first of an ongoing series of monthly reports providing considerable new information on its credit and liquidity programs.
The report, entitled Federal Reserve Credit and Liquidity Programs and the Balance Sheet, makes public a wide range of data concerning borrowing patterns and collateral.
"The Federal Reserve strongly believes in transparency as a fundamental principle of central banking in a democracy. This new report, together with other steps taken as a result of a comprehensive review of our disclosure practices led by Vice Chairman Kohn, significantly enhances the information Federal Reserve is releasing and should help the public and the Congress better judge how we are carrying out our responsibilities for stabilizing the financial system and the economy," said Board Chairman Ben S. Bernanke. "We will continue to look for opportunities to broaden the scope of information and analysis we provide."
For many of the Federal Reserve's credit and liquidity programs, the new information in the report includes the number of borrowers and borrowing amounts by type of institution, collateral by type and credit rating, and data on the concentration of borrowing. The report also includes information on liquidity swap usage by country, quarterly income for important classes of Federal Reserve assets, and asset distribution and other information on the limited liability companies created to avert the disorderly failures of Bear Stearns and American International Group.
In addition, the report summarizes and discusses recent developments across a number of programs. Each report will be available on the Federal Reserve Board's public website approximately two weeks after the end of the month at www.federalreserve.gov/monetarypolicy/bst.htm.
The new report is part of the Federal Reserve's continuing effort to enhance the transparency of its credit and liquidity programs and is consistent with the amendment to the recent budget resolution sponsored by Sen. Christopher Dodd, chairman of the Senate Committee on Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs, and Sen. Richard Shelby, the ranking member.
Separate from the report, the Federal Reserve Bank of New York recently made available the investment management agreements related to its financial stability and liquidity activities. They are posted on its public website at www.newyorkfed.org/aboutthefed/vendor_information.html.
Release Date: June 12, 2009
The Federal Reserve notes the Financial Accounting Standards Board's publication today of Statements of Financial Accounting Standards No. 166 and 167 (FAS 166 and 167), which will have a material effect on banking organizations' accounting for off-balance sheet vehicles. These statements, which become effective in 2010, address weaknesses in accounting and disclosure standards for off-balance sheet vehicles. The new standards amend Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 140, Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishments of Liabilities (FAS 140), and FASB Interpretation No. 46(R), Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities (FIN 46(R)).
The Federal Reserve is reviewing regulatory capital requirements associated with the adoption of the new accounting standards. In conducting this review, the Federal Reserve is considering a broad range of factors including the maintenance of prudent capital levels, the record of recent bank experiences with off-balance sheet vehicles, and the results of the recent Supervisory Capital Assessment Program (SCAP). As part of the SCAP, participating banking organizations' capital adequacy was assessed using assumptions consistent with standards ultimately included in FAS 166 and FAS 167.
Banking organizations should take into account in their internal capital planning processes the full impact of FAS 166 and 167 and assess whether additional capital may be necessary to support the risks associated with vehicles affected by the new accounting standards.
Release Date: May 29, 2009
The Federal Reserve Board on Friday announced the execution of a Written Agreement by and between W Holding Company, Inc., Mayaguez, Puerto Rico, a registered bank holding company, and the Federal Reserve Bank of New York.
A copy of the Written Agreement is attached.
Release Date: May 29, 2009
The Federal Reserve Board on Friday announced the execution of a Written Agreement by and between Affinity Bank Holding, Inc., Ventura, California, a registered bank holding company, and the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco.
A copy of the Written Agreement is attached.
Release Date: May 27, 2009
The Federal Reserve Board has approved amendments to Appendix A of Regulation CC that reflect the restructuring of the Federal Reserve Banks' check-processing operations.
Appendix A provides a routing symbol guide that helps depository institutions determine the maximum permissible hold periods for most deposited checks. On July 25, 2009, the Reserve Banks will transfer the check-processing operations of the head office of the Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis to the head office of the Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland. To ensure that the information in Appendix A accurately describes the structure of check-processing operations within the Federal Reserve System, the final rule deletes the reference in Appendix A to the Minneapolis head office and reassigns the routing numbers listed thereunder to the Cleveland head office. To coincide with the effective date of the underlying check processing changes, the amendments are effective July 25, 2009.
The Board's notice is attached.
Release Date: May 21, 2009
The Federal Reserve Board on Thursday announced the issuance of a consent Prompt Corrective Action Directive against Community Bank of West Georgia, Villa Rica, Georgia, a state chartered member bank.
A copy of the Directive is attached.
Release Date: May 22, 2009
The Federal Reserve Board on Friday announced the adoption of a final rule that will allow bank holding companies to include in their Tier 1 capital without restriction senior perpetual preferred stock issued to the U.S. Treasury Department under the Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP). This rule makes final the interim final rule that the Board adopted in October 2008.
The Board also announced the adoption of an interim final rule that will allow bank holding companies that are S-Corps or that are organized in mutual form to include in Tier 1 capital all subordinated debt issued to Treasury under TARP, provided that the subordinated debt will count toward the limit on the amount of other restricted core capital elements includable in Tier 1 capital. The interim final rule also will allow small bank holding companies that are S-Corps or that are organized in mutual form to exclude subordinated debt issued to Treasury under TARP from treatment as "debt" for purposes of the debt-to-equity standard under the Board's Small Bank Holding Company Policy Statement.
The TARP was authorized by the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008. Details about the TARP, and programs under it, are available at www.financialstability.gov.
The final rule and the interim final rule will be effective on publication in the Federal Register. The Board is, however, seeking public comment on the interim rule. Comments must be submitted within 30 days of publication of the interim rule in the Federal Register, which is expected soon.
The Federal Register notices for the rules are attached.
Federal Register notice--Regulation Y, final rule (33 KB PDF)
Federal Register notice--Regulation Y, interim rule (51 KB PDF)
Release Date: May 20, 2009
The Federal Reserve Board on Wednesday announced the approval of final amendments to Regulation D (Reserve Requirements of Depository Institutions) to liberalize the types of transfers consumers can make from savings deposits and to make it easier for community banks that use correspondent banks to receive interest on excess balances held at Federal Reserve Banks.
The amendments would also ensure that correspondents that are not eligible to receive interest on their own balances at Reserve Banks pass back to their respondents any interest earned on required reserve balances held on behalf of those respondents. The Board is also making other clarifying changes to Regulation D and Regulation I (Issue and Cancellation of Federal Reserve Bank Capital Stock).
The Board has revised Regulation D's restrictions on the types and number of transfers and withdrawals that may be made from savings deposits. The final amendments increase from three to six the permissible monthly number of transfers or withdrawals from savings deposits by check, debit card, or similar order payable to third parties. Technological advancements have eliminated any rational basis for the distinction between transfers by these means and other types of pre-authorized or automatic transfers subject to the six-per-month limitation.
The Board also approved final amendments to Regulation D to authorize the establishment of excess balance accounts at Federal Reserve Banks. Excess balance accounts are limited-purpose accounts for maintaining excess balances of one or more institutions that are eligible to earn interest on their Federal Reserve balances. Each participant in an excess balance account will designate an institution to act as agent (which may be the participant’s current pass-through correspondent) for purposes of managing the account. The Board is authorizing excess balance accounts to alleviate pressures on correspondent-respondent business relationships in the current unusual financial market environment, which has led some respondents to prefer holding their excess balances in an account at the Federal Reserve, rather than selling them through a correspondent in the federal funds market. A correspondent could hold its respondents’ excess balances in its own account at the Federal Reserve Bank; however, doing so may adversely affect the correspondent’s regulatory leverage ratio. As market conditions evolve, the Board will evaluate the continuing need for excess balance accounts.
In October 2008, the Board adopted an interim final rule amending Regulation D that directed Federal Reserve Banks to pay interest on balances held by eligible institutions in accounts at Reserve Banks. The final rule revises those provisions as they apply to balances of respondents maintained by "ineligible" pass-through correspondents--that is, entities such as nondepository institutions that serve as correspondents but are not eligible to receive interest on the balances they maintain on their own behalf at the Federal Reserve. Specifically, the final rule provides that only required reserve balances maintained in an ineligible correspondent's account on behalf of its respondents will receive interest. Ineligible correspondents will be required to pass back that interest to their respondents. Both required reserve and excess balances in the account of an eligible pass-through correspondent will continue to receive interest and those correspondents are permitted, but not required, to pass back that interest to their respondents.
The final amendments to Regulations D and I will become effective 30 days after publication in the Federal Register. Excess balance accounts will be available for the reserve maintenance period beginning July 2, 2009.
The Board’s notices are attached.
Federal Register notice--Regulation D (70 KB PDF)
Federal Register notice--Regulations D and I (126 KB PDF)
Excess Balance Accounts FAQs